Sarcopenia of Aging and Its Metabolic Impact

Karakelides, Helen; Nair, K. Sreekumaran

doi:10.1016/s0070-2153(05)68005-2

Cited by 228 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 83 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

153

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…1,2 In the elderly, loss of LBM may be as much as 30% for women above 60 years old 3 and it is often correlated with physical impairment and disability -with potentially severe clinical consequences including loss of mobility, osteoporosis, increased fracture risk, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and increased mortality. 4 LBM is one of the major predictors of bone mineral density and is likely to be at least as important as fat body mass (FBM) in protection against post-menopausal bone loss. 5,6 Despite the undoubted clinical significance of LBM and the established strong familial component 7,8 there is a paucity of molecular genetic studies of this trait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics and metabolomics of muscular mass in a community-based sample of UK females

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The contribution of specific molecular-genetic factors to muscle mass variation and sarcopenia remains largely unknown. To identify endogenous molecules and specific genetic factors associated with appendicular lean mass (APLM) in the general population, cross-sectional data from the TwinsUK Adult Twin Registry were used. Non-targeted mass spec-based metabolomic profiling was performed on plasma of 3953 females (mostly dizygotic and monozygotic twins). APLM was measured using dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and genotyping was genome-wide (GWAS). Specific metabolites were used as intermediate phenotypes in the identification of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with APLM using GWAS. In all, 162 metabolites were found significantly correlated with APLM, and explained 17.4% of its variation. However, the top three of them (unidentified substance X12063, urate, and mannose) explained 11.1% (P ≤ 9.25 × 10 − 26 ) so each was subjected to GWAS. Each metabolite showed highly significant (P ≤ 9.28 × 10 − 46 ) associations with genetic variants in the corresponding genomic regions. Mendelian randomization using these SNPs found no evidence for a direct causal effect of these metabolites on APLM. However, using a new software platform for bivariate analysis we showed that shared genetic factors contribute significantly (P ≤ 4.31 × 10 − 43 ) to variance in both the metabolites and APLM -independent of the effect of the associated SNPs. There are several metabolites, having a clear pattern of genetic inheritance, which are highly significantly associated with APLM and may provide a cheap and readily accessible biomarker of muscle mass. However, the mechanism by which the genetic factor influences muscle mass remains to be discovered.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics and metabolomics of muscular mass in a community-based sample of UK females

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sarcopenia is a serious condition mainly characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass (MM) and strength with aging [13], which is becoming recognized as a major cause of disability and morbidity in the elderly population [25,44]. In addition, it imposes a heavy economic burden in the USA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The differences of sarcopenia-related phenotypes: effects of gender and population

Zhong

Lei

Yang

et al. 2011

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sarcopenia is a serious condition especially in the elderly population mainly characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with aging. Extremity skeletal muscle mass index (EMMI) (sum of skeletal muscle mass in arms and legs/height 2 ) is gaining popularity in sarcopenia definition (less than two standard deviations below the mean of a young adult reference group), but little is known about the gender-and population-specific differences of EMMI. This study aimed at investigating the differences of EMMI, arm muscle mass index (AMMI), and leg muscle mass index (LMMI) between gender groups and populations (Chinese vs. Caucasians). The participants included 1,809 Chinese and 362 Caucasians with normal weight aged from 19 to 45 years old. Extremity muscle mass, arm muscle mass, and leg muscle mass were measured by using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Independent sample t tests were used to analyze the differences in muscle mass indexes between the studied groups. All the study parameters including EMMIs, AMMIs, and LMMIs were significantly higher (P≤0.0003) in the Caucasian group than in the Chinese group and also higher in the male group than in the female group, and these significant differences (P≤0.0005) remained after adjusting for age by simple regressions. The detected differences of muscle mass indexes between different gender and ethnic groups may provide important implications in their different risk of future sarcopenia.

show abstract

“…This degenerative loss of skeletal muscle occurs at a rate of 3−8% per decade after the age of 30 and accelerates with advancing age [4,5]. Sarcopenia is associated with decreased metabolic rate [6], decreased strength [7,8], increased risk of falls and fractures [9], increased morbidity [7,10], and loss of independence [7]. When defining sarcopenia as appendicular skeletal muscle mass/height 2 less than 2 standard deviations below the mean for young, healthy reference populations, a quarter to a half of men and women aged 65 and older are likely sarcopenic [8,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid metabolism and regulatory effects in aging

Timmerman

Volpi²

2008

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of review-To examine recent discoveries related to the amino acid metabolism and regulatory effects in aging, focusing on the development and treatment of age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia).Recent findings-While basal amino acid metabolism may be unaffected by age, elderly subjects appear to have a decreased ability to respond to anabolic stimuli such as insulin and, to a lesser extent, amino acids. Specifically, compared to young subjects, the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis is attenuated in elderly subjects following the administration of mixed meals due to insulin resistance. In addition, the anabolic effect of amino acids appears blunted at low doses. Recent studies, however, have highlighted that these age-related alterations in amino acid metabolism may be overcome by provision of excess leucine, changes in the daily protein intake pattern or exercise, which improve activation of translation initiation and muscle protein synthesis.Summary-Muscle loss with aging is associated with significant changes in amino acid metabolism, which can be acutely reversed using nutritional manipulations and exercise. Longterm, large clinical trials are, however, needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings in the elderly population, and to establish if nutritional and exercise interventions can help prevent and treat sarcopenia.

show abstract

Sarcopenia of Aging and Its Metabolic Impact

Cited by 228 publications

References 83 publications

Genomics and metabolomics of muscular mass in a community-based sample of UK females

Genomics and metabolomics of muscular mass in a community-based sample of UK females

The differences of sarcopenia-related phenotypes: effects of gender and population

Amino acid metabolism and regulatory effects in aging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About