Sarcopenia is associated with hypertension in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background: Sarcopenia and handgrip strength have been observed and correlated in association with hypertension among the old-age people. However, the results reported in different studies were inconsistent. In the current study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to reveal the significant association between sarcopenia, handgrip strength, and hypertension in older adults. Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases were searched from inception to 15 November, 2019 to retrieve the original research studies that addressed the association between sarcopenia, handgrip strength, and hypertension. All the relevant data were retrieved, analyzed, and summarized. Results: 19 studies met the inclusion criteria and a total of 21301 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Eight eligible studies have reported the odd ratios (ORs) of hypertension and the ORs ranged from 0.41 to 4.38. When pooled the ORs together, the summarized ORs was 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) =1.00-1.67]. The summarized ORs for the Asian group 1.50 (95% CI=1.35-1.67) was significantly higher than that of Caucasian group 1.08 (95% CI=0.39-2.97). Eleven studies have provided the data on association between handgrip strength and hypertension. The overall ORs and 95% CI was 0.99 (95% CI=0.80-1.23), showing no significant association. Conclusion: Sarcopenia was associated with hypertension, but no correlation was found between handgrip strength and hypertension in older adults.

Sarcopenia and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries

“…Sarcopenia is one of the most prominent physiological changes related with aging, and is characterized by a gradual loss of muscle mass and function [7]. Sarcopenia may increase the risk for cognitive decline [8], and this relationship may be explained by shared pathophysiological mechanisms (e.g., inflammation [9,10], hormonal dysregulations [11,12] and malnutrition [13,14]), brain atrophy [15] and several mediating factors (e.g., depression [16,17], metabolic syndrome [18,19] and hypertension [20,21]). A systematic review and metaanalysis of 15 studies showed that sarcopenia was significantly and positively associated with cognitive impairment (odds ratio [OR]=2.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.70-2.97) [22].…”

Prophylactic Application of Lavandula Angustifolia Mill. Oil and Its Active Component Linalyl Acetate Alleviate Comorbidity and Exacerbation Risk in Rats With Collagen-Induced Arthritis Accompanied by Chronic Nicotine-Induced Hypertension.

“…Although the development of effective drugs and regular adjustment of treatment have improved the prognosis of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), comorbidities can reduce their survival and quality of life [1]. These negative outcomes may be due the increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and functional impairments in RA patients, which may be exacerbated by hypertension (HTN) [2]. HTN is more frequent in patients with RA than in the general population, with 62% of men and 47% of women with early RA having HTN [3].…”

“…HTN also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, which has been a primary or underlying cause of death in 52.6% of RA patients [4]. Moreover, muscle weakness which is common in patients with RA, is likely to be exacerbated by HTN [2]. Despite these associations, blood pressure (BP) is not effectively controlled in RA patients, for example, 50% of RA with HTN patients maintained SBP above 140 mmHg even when taking antihypertensive drugs [5].…”