Sarcopenia Impacts on Short- and Long-term Results of Hepatectomy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Sarcopenia was found to be a strong and independent prognostic factor for mortality after hepatectomy for HCC in European patients and could be used to evaluate eligibility of patients with HCC before surgery.

Computed tomography diagnosed cachexia and sarcopenia in 725 oncology patients: is nutritional screening capturing hidden malnutrition?

“…Sarcopenia and myosteatosis have been significantly associated with a range of adverse outcomes including increased rate of post‐operative complications,10, 11, 40, 41, 42 longer length of hospital stay,41, 43 30‐day post‐operative mortality and in‐hospital mortality,44 and dose‐limiting toxicities 5, 6, 7, 8, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50. In addition, the conditions have been demonstrated as independent predictors of reduced overall survival 18, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64.…”

“…The rate of malnutrition can vary greatly depending on tumour site and stage; however, it is estimated to affect between 8% and 85% of cancer patients 1, 2, 3, 4. Identification of malnutrition is critical as it negatively impacts on prognosis and has been associated with a range of adverse clinical outcomes 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. Severe malnutrition is independently associated with mortality, with an estimated 20–30% of cancer deaths attributable to malnutrition 14, 15.…”

Sarcopenia is associated with severe postoperative complications in elderly gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy

“…Computed tomography (CT) imaging has been most frequently used to predict preoperative sarcopenia and investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and postoperative outcomes. However, methods for evaluating total mass of the psoas [14][15][16][17], SM [11][12][13]31], or total volume of the psoas major [15] and cutoff points for sarcopenia differ across studies because of the difficulty in comparing sarcopenic candidates to healthy young adults in term of radiation exposure. How to best characterize sarcopenia remains to be elucidated.…”

“…Sarcopenia, an important contributor to frailty in aging individuals, is a decline in muscle mass and physical function primarily induced by aging [5] and secondarily caused by malignancy [6]. It has previously been found to be associated with adverse postoperative outcomes after resection of colorectal cancer [12,13], pancreatic cancer [17], hepatocellular carcinoma [11,15], metastatic liver cancer [14], and perihilar cholangiocarcinoma [16]. In the current study, we demonstrated that sarcopenia is prevalent among elderly gastric cancer patients before surgery; calories and protein from food intake were insufficient in sarcopenic patients, and they had a higher incidence of severe postoperative complications.…”

“…Recently, the influence of sarcopenia on treatment outcomes in cancer patients has been intensively investigated; sarcopenia was demonstrated to be independently associated with negative short-term [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and long-term [11,[18][19][20] outcomes after surgery and an increased rate of chemotherapy-related toxicity [21][22][23].…”