Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are significantly associated with poorer overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Mintziras, Ioannis; Miligkos, Michael; Wächter, Sabine; Manoharan, Jerena; Maurer, Elisabeth; Bartsch, Detlef K.

doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.09.014

Cited by 145 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have explored the association of sarcopenic obesity with unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with different cancers [116][117][118]. For example, Carneiro et al [119] conducted a meta-analysis including 14 studies linking sarcopenic obesity to clinical outcomes in cancer patients and concluded that sarcopenic obesity was associated with increased surgical complications.…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, a recent study by Kobayashi et al [120] reported that decreased skeletal muscle quality and the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue are closely related to poor patient survival after resection for colorectal liver metastases. Another meta-analysis of 11 studies linking sarcopenic obesity to clinical outcomes in pancreatic cancer patients concluded that the risk of mortality was 1.4 times higher in sarcopenic patients and 2 times higher for sarcopenic obese patients [118]. Lastly, Chen et al [121] recently demonstrated the impact of sarcopenia and visceral obesity on the surgical management of colorectal cancer, reporting an increased risk of postoperative complications.…”

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypes of Sarcopenic Obesity: Exploring the Effects on Peri-Muscular Fat, the Obesity Paradox, Hormone-Related Responses and the Clinical Implications

Alalwan

2020

Geriatrics

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Sarcopenic obesity combines the words sarcopenia and obesity. This definition of obesity should be better differentiated between visceral and subcutaneous fat phenotypes. For this reason, this review lays the foundation for defining the subcutaneous and the visceral fat into the context of sarcopenia. Thus, the review aims to explore the missing links on pathogenesis of visceral fat and its relationship on age: defining the peri-muscular fat as a new entity and the subcutaneous fat as a first factor that leads to the obesity paradox. Last but not least, this review underlines and motivates the mechanisms of the hormonal responses and anti-inflammatory adipokines responsible for the clinical implications of sarcopenic visceral obesity, describing factor by factor the multiple axis between the visceral fat-sarcopenia and all mortality outcomes linked to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, polycystic ovary, disability and postoperative complications.

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Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypes of Sarcopenic Obesity: Exploring the Effects on Peri-Muscular Fat, the Obesity Paradox, Hormone-Related Responses and the Clinical Implications

Alalwan

2020

Geriatrics

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“…Both muscle mass and strength were predictive for difficulties in performing activities of daily living after discharge from the hospital [104]. Sarcopenia and particularly sarcopenic obesity (i.e., low muscle mass in association with greater fat mass), have been linked to poorer prognosis, including survival, for a range of cancers [105][106][107][108][109].…”

Section: Omega-3 Lcpufas and Sarcopenia And Frailty In Older Peoplementioning

confidence: 99%

Expert Opinion on Benefits of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA and EPA) in Aging and Clinical Nutrition

et al. 2020

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Life expectancy is increasing and so is the prevalence of age-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Consequently, older people and patients present with multi-morbidities and more complex needs, putting significant pressure on healthcare systems. Effective nutrition interventions could be an important tool to address patient needs, improve clinical outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. Inflammation plays a central role in NCDs, so targeting it is relevant to disease prevention and treatment. The long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 LCPUFAs) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are known to reduce inflammation and promote its resolution, suggesting a beneficial role in various therapeutic areas. An expert group reviewed the data on omega-3 LCPUFAs in specific patient populations and medical conditions. Evidence for benefits in cognitive health, age- and disease-related decline in muscle mass, cancer treatment, surgical patients and critical illness was identified. Use of DHA and EPA in some conditions is already included in some relevant guidelines. However, it is important to note that data on the effects of omega-3 LCPUFAs are still inconsistent in many areas (e.g., cognitive decline) due to a range of factors that vary amongst the trials performed to date; these factors include dose, timing and duration; baseline omega-3 LCPUFA status; and intake of other nutrients. Well-designed intervention studies are required to optimize the effects of DHA and EPA in specific patient populations and to develop more personalized strategies for their use.

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“…Sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and a decrease in muscle density on computed tomography (CT) at the time of diagnosis have been found to be associated with poor prognosis [6,16,19]. Moreover, a recent study has shown that a decrease in the skeletal muscle in patients with inoperable locally advanced PC is associated with poorer prognosis [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postoperative muscle mass restoration as a prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic cancer

Lee

Kim

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Background Recent studies have found that muscle depletion may be a prognostic predictor in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC). However, in these studies, limited data were used to assess the relationship between the serial change in body composition and outcomes after PC resection. Hence, we evaluated the changes in body composition during the perioperative period in patients with PC and their association with the overall survival (OS). Methods A total of 89 patients with PC who received surgery with curative intent between 2006 and 2015 were included in this study retrospectively. These patients underwent serial computed tomography (CT) scans: preoperatively, immediately after surgery (4 weeks), and 12 and 24 weeks after resection. The muscle and visceral fat areas were measured at the third lumbar vertebra level on cross-sectional CT images using sliceOmatic V5.0 program (TomoVision, Canada). The body composition ratio was determined by dividing the post-resection body composition at each point (4, 12, and 24 weeks) by the pre-resection body composition. Patients were divided into two groups-higher and lower groups-based on this body composition ratio (skeletal muscle mass ratio [SMR], visceral fat mass ratio [VFR]). The OS was compared between the two groups using the log-rank test. Results The median age of patients was 63 (27-84) years, and the baseline body mass index was 23.0 (17.0-35.8) kg/m 2. In the comparison of the SMR, there was no significant difference in the OS between the two groups at 4 and 12 weeks (4 weeks, P = 0.488; 12 weeks, P = 0.397). However, the higher group showed a longer OS than the lower group at 24 weeks (39 vs. 20 months, P = 0.008). Similarly, in the VFR, there was no significant difference in the OS between the two groups at 4 and 12 weeks (4 weeks, P = 0.732; 12 weeks, P = 0.060). However, the OS was longer in the higher group at 24 weeks (35 vs. 22 months,

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Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are significantly associated with poorer overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 145 publications

References 30 publications

Phenotypes of Sarcopenic Obesity: Exploring the Effects on Peri-Muscular Fat, the Obesity Paradox, Hormone-Related Responses and the Clinical Implications

Phenotypes of Sarcopenic Obesity: Exploring the Effects on Peri-Muscular Fat, the Obesity Paradox, Hormone-Related Responses and the Clinical Implications

Expert Opinion on Benefits of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA and EPA) in Aging and Clinical Nutrition

Postoperative muscle mass restoration as a prognostic factor in patients with resected pancreatic cancer

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