2012
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.02.003
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Sarcoidosis: A comprehensive review and update for the dermatologist

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Cited by 120 publications
(43 citation statements)
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“…Thus, the patient in the present case refused treatment. Alternative second-line drug treatments include methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine; however, these agents are not 100% effective (12). For patients with progressive cutaneous sarcoidosis or refractory cases, monoclonal antibodies are a novel therapeutic option.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, the patient in the present case refused treatment. Alternative second-line drug treatments include methotrexate and hydroxychloroquine; however, these agents are not 100% effective (12). For patients with progressive cutaneous sarcoidosis or refractory cases, monoclonal antibodies are a novel therapeutic option.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The wide range of cutaneous morphologies may precede, coincide with, or develop after a diagnosis of systemic sarcoidosis. Unfortunately, the corresponding frequencies are unknown [6,7]. It is well established that sarcoidosis frequently localizes to sites of trauma including tattoo, surgery, venipuncture, vaccination and purified protein derivative testing sites [8].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, many postulate that the inflammatory cascade leading to sarcoidal granulomas is set off by exposure to certain extrinsic antigens in genetically susceptible individuals [6]. While several potential antigens exist, occupational/environmental exposure to foreign materials such as silicone may be implicated in rare cases [10].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Neste sentido, a seguinte avaliação deve ser realizada: História clínica e exame físico detalhados, avaliação analítica (incluindo hemograma completo, calcémia, transaminases hepáticas, fosfatase alcalina, ureia, creatinina, ECA e sedimento urinário), radiografia de tórax, testes de função pulmonar, ECG, teste de tuberculina ou IGRA e avaliação oftalmológica. 5,46 De acordo com a presença ou ausência de alterações nesta avaliação, exames adicionais podem ser solicitados para complementar o estudo inicial.…”
Section: Avaliação Inicial Do Envolvimento Sistémicounclassified