Sarcoidosis

Abstract

In a 10‐year review of the records of 146 young male patients suspected of sarcoidosis on the basis of radiographic intrathoracic changes, the chest X‐ray findings have been analysed in relation to the results of different biopsies. Most of the patients were military men, and almost all were apparently unaffected by the disease. Sixty‐six per cent had bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL) only, 12% had isolated pulmonary lesions and 22% had both BHL and pulmonary lesions. In all patients at least one biopsy was performed, in most cases a scalene fat pad biopsy and/or a liver biopsy. Epithelioid cell granulomas were demonstrated in 86 biopsies from 64 of the 146 patients. Granulomas were obtained more frequently by scalene fat pad biopsies than by liver biopsies in the same group of patients. During the first 4–5 years of the 10‐year period the scalene fat pad biopsies were done in local anesthesia in different general surgical departments without special experience of this biopsy procedure. In the last 5–6 years the scalene fat pad biopsies were done in general anaesthesia in a head and neck surgical department specially trained in this biopsy technique. Granulomas were obtained more frequently in the latter than in the former group. The highest frequency of granulomas was found among patients with both BHL and pulmonary lesions. Of the 71 patients in whom liver biopsy was performed, 43% had granulomas in the liver. A few patients had signs —although only slight—of liver affection. The results of the different biopsies are discussed in relation to the clinical picture. It is concluded that scalene fat pad biopsy in some cases can still be of some diagnostic aid in patients with radiographic intrathoracic changes suspected of sarcoidosis, although this type