Sarcoid-Like Granulomas Secondary to Herpes simplex Virus Infection

Redondo, Pedro; España, A.; Sola, Julio; Rocha, Eduardo Melani; Quintanilla, E.

doi:10.1159/000247430

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…GA also occurs in immunocompetent patients, in whom it shows a palisade aspect and is usually non-eruptive. Members of the family Herpesviridae CMI have been proposed as triggers in patients with eruptive GA [14][15][16]. RV can be isolated from the skin during the acute phase of rubella, even in the absence of rash [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live rubella virus vaccine long-term persistence as an antigenic trigger of cutaneous granulomas in patients with primary immunodeficiency

Bodemer

Sauvage²,

Mahlaoui

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Granulomas may develop as a response to a local antigenic trigger, leading to the activation of macrophages and T-lymphocytes. Primary immunodeficiency (PID) is associated with the development of extensive cutaneous granulomas, whose aetiology remains unknown. We performed high-throughput sequencing of the transcriptome of cutaneous granuloma lesions on two consecutive index cases, and RT-PCR in a third consecutive patient. The RA27/3 vaccine strain of rubella virus-the core component of a universally used paediatric vaccine-was present in the cutaneous granuloma of these three consecutive PID patients. Controls included the healthy skin of two patients, non-granulomatous cutaneous lesions of patients with immunodeficiency, and skin biopsy samples of healthy individuals, and were negative. Expression of viral antigens was confirmed by immunofluorescence. Persistence of the rubella vaccine virus was also demonstrated in granuloma lesions sampled 4-5 years earlier. The persistence of the rubella virus vaccine strain in all three consecutive cutaneous granuloma patients with PID strongly suggests a causal relationship between rubella virus and granuloma in this setting.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Live rubella virus vaccine long-term persistence as an antigenic trigger of cutaneous granulomas in patients with primary immunodeficiency

Bodemer

Sauvage²,

Mahlaoui

et al. 2014

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides mycobacteria and inorganic agents, even viruses, e.g. herpesviruses, seem to be capable of inducing sarcoid-type granulomas [41].…”

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoidosis: immunopathogenetic concepts and their clinical application

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of sarcoidosis has been advanced by studies of bronchoalveolar lavage cells. Activated macrophages and T-cells have been identified in different compartments of the sarcoid lung and the characteristics of the activation suggest that the cells become activated in the course of a normal immune response. The immune cells communicate via a cytokine network and the measuring of cytokine levels yields subgroups of sarcoidosis patients with different courses of the disease indicating different states of activation of the disease-mediating immune cells. The causative agent of sarcoidosis has not yet been identified; however, some of the described mechanisms can be clinically applied either to detect patients at risk of deterioration or to develop new therapeutic strategies. Using these approaches methotrexate, pentoxifylline and thalidomide have been identified as drugs which effectively suppress sarcoid inflammation and the serum level of soluble interleukin-2 receptors has been delineated to be a serum marker of sarcoid inflammation. Furthermore, analysing the pulmonary cytokine network in sarcoidosis will yield new staging parameters possibly supplying prognostic information and guiding therapeutic intervention.

show abstract

“…such as silica-induccd granuloma, or late immuno logic reaction types, such as beryllium and zirconium gran uloma. The presence of sarcoid-like granulomas following infections or tumors in patients who show immunologic alterations is well known [8,9], Development of sarcoid-like granulomas in association with malignant lymphoma [10] and neoplasias [11] has been ascribed to an immunologic response to tumor anti gen [12]. Numerous noninfectious agents may elicit a sar coid-like reaction when their degradation is slow enough to provide a sustained stimulus for marcophagc activation [6,7,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%