SAR imaging simulation of ship-generated internal wave wake in stratified ocean

Wang, Jiakun; Zhang, Min; Cai, Zhaohui; Chen, Jun-Long

doi:10.1080/09205071.2017.1337527

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The fact that the few ship-generated internal waves were found with strongly varying influencing parameters, supports the statement from other researchers that internal waves' occurrence is mainly based on the stratification of ocean layers [18,19,23,24], but not on image acquisition settings, environmental conditions or ship properties.…”

Section: Categorization Of Influencing Parameters By Characteristics supporting

confidence: 85%

“…Only for the sake of completeness is the detectability of ship-generated internal waves considered here. It was known beforehand that this wake component only appears rarely, because its appearance requires strongly stratified water conditions near the surface [18,19,23,24]. As the water stratification is not considered as an influencing parameter in this study and in the study areas water stratification does not appear regularly, the main influencing factor for analysis of ship-generated internal waves is missing.…”

Section: Ship-generated Internal Wavesmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The detectability of ship-generated internal waves mainly depends on the stratification of the water body near the surface [19]. A minimum sea surface roughness, e.g., induced by small wind speeds, is required, but above this threshold the detectability decreases with increasing wind speeds [23]. With higher vessel velocity the angle of the interval waves gets smaller, while the detectability is hardy affected [23].…”

Section: Detectability Of Ship-generated Internal Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A minimum sea surface roughness, e.g., induced by small wind speeds, is required, but above this threshold the detectability decreases with increasing wind speeds [23]. With higher vessel velocity the angle of the interval waves gets smaller, while the detectability is hardy affected [23]. According to [33] a larger ship size also influences the detectability by increasing the internal wave's amplitude.…”

Section: Detectability Of Ship-generated Internal Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-Linear Modeling of Detectability of Ship Wake Components in Dependency to Influencing Parameters Using Spaceborne X-Band SAR

Tings

2021

Remote Sensing

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The detection of the wakes of moving ships in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery requires the presence of wake signatures, which are sufficiently distinctive from the ocean background. Various wake components exist, which constitute the SAR signatures of ship wakes. For successful wake detection, the contrast between the detectable wake components and the background is crucial. The detectability of those wake components is affected by a number of parameters, which represent the image acquisition settings, environmental conditions or ship properties including voyage information. In this study the dependency of the detectability of individual wake components to these parameters is characterized. For each wake component a detectability model is built, which takes the influence of incidence angle, polarization, wind speed, wind direction, sea state (significant wave height, wavelength, wave direction), vessel’s velocity, vessel’s course over ground and vessel’s length into account. The presented detectability models are based on regression or classification using Support Vector Machines and a dataset of manually labelled TerraSAR‑X wake samples. The considered wake components are: near‑hull turbulences, turbulent wakes, Kelvin wake arms, Kelvin wake’s transverse waves, Kelvin wake’s divergent waves, V‑narrow wakes and ship‑generated internal waves. The statements derived about wake component detectability are mainly in good agreement with statements from previous research, but also some new assumptions are provided. The most expressive influencing parameter is the movement velocity of the vessels, as all wake components are more detectable the faster vessels move.

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Section: Categorization Of Influencing Parameters By Characteristics supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Ship-generated Internal Wavesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Detectability Of Ship-generated Internal Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Detectability Of Ship-generated Internal Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Non-Linear Modeling of Detectability of Ship Wake Components in Dependency to Influencing Parameters Using Spaceborne X-Band SAR

Tings

2021

Remote Sensing

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show abstract

“…The various radar imaging mechanisms and scattering methods mentioned above form the theoretical basis for SAR imagery simulation of complex ambient sea wave and ship wake scenes. The first group of simulation studies focused on the sea wave field [1]- [3], [46]- [57], while the second included both sea and/or ship waves [6], [58]- [72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%