Sapxanthone, a pentasubstituted xanthone from Saponaria vaccaria

Phenolic Metabolites from Honeybush Tea (Cyclopia subternata)

“…Recently it has been reported to be a potent scavenger of free radicals (31), to be a potential cure for diabetes mellitus (32), and to act as an agent for lowering body weight (33). Generally, xanthones are reported to possess antitumor (34), antileukemic, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antihepatotoxic, and CNS-depressant activities (35). Bioactivities including cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal activities, enhancement of choline acetyltransferase activity, and inhibition of lipid peroxidase have been described (36).…”

Genetic Transformation in Vaccaria pyramidata Using Agrobacterium rhizogenes.

“…V. pyramidata has a straight stem and sparse branches in the upper part, and contains some pharmacological components such as saponins, terpenic-and flavonoidalglycosides, xantones (Kazmi et al, 1989), cyclic peptides (Morita et al, 1996) and ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPS) (Bolognesi et al, 1995). A. rhizogenes is the causal bacterium for inducing hairy roots from infected plant tissues by the transfer of T-DNA of the Ri-plasmid into plant genome (Chilton et al, 1982).…”

Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Vaccaria hispanica (Miller) Rauschert: a review

“…Up to date, eight cyclic peptides (28-35) have been isolated, all of which are from the seeds. However, in the other plants of Caryophyllaceae, the roots are the main source of the cyclic peptides (Tan and Jun Kumar and Khanna (1994) 42 Quercetin Unknown Kumar and Khanna (1994) 43 1,8-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one Stem Kazmi et al (1989b) 44 Vaccaxanthone Stem Kazmi et al (1989a) 45 Sapxanthone Stem Kazmi et al (1989b) Others 46 55 Lanosterol Unknown Kumar and Khanna (1993) 56 Stigmasterol Unknown Kumar and Khanna (1993) 57 β-Sitosterol Unknown Kumar and Khanna (1993) 58 Stigmast-7,22-dien-3-ol Seed Sang et al (1998a) 59 Stigmast-7,22-dien-3-ol-3β-O-(β-Dglucopyranoside)…”