Sapphire: Properties, Growth, and Applications

Курлов, В. Н.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-803581-8.03681-x

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…New optical grade single-crystal sapphire sensors were installed in BCML2 during LS2 in six stacks. These are produced industrially via the Czochralski process at low cost [230]. Similar to -139 - -140 -…”

Section: Beam-condition Monitor For Beam Losses (Bcml)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the CMS detector for the CERN LHC Run 3

Hayrapetyan,

Tumasyan,

Adam

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

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Since the initial data taking of the CERN LHC, the CMS experiment has undergone substantial upgrades and improvements. This paper discusses the CMS detector as it is configured for the third data-taking period of the CERN LHC, Run 3, which started in 2022. The entire silicon pixel tracking detector was replaced. A new powering system for the superconducting solenoid was installed. The electronics of the hadron calorimeter was upgraded. All the muon electronic systems were upgraded, and new muon detector stations were added, including a gas electron multiplier detector. The precision proton spectrometer was upgraded. The dedicated luminosity detectors and the beam loss monitor were refurbished. Substantial improvements to the trigger, data acquisition, software, and computing systems were also implemented, including a new hybrid CPU/GPU farm for the high-level trigger.

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Section: Beam-condition Monitor For Beam Losses (Bcml)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the CMS detector for the CERN LHC Run 3

Hayrapetyan,

Tumasyan,

Adam

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

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“…Second, the ruby resonator supports a high quality-factor mode (∼ 50, 000) near the spin transition frequency [65] enabling a large single-spinphoton coupling. Third, ruby crystal growth is a mature technology, with high-purity single-crystal material available in liter-scale volumes [66,67]. Finally, ruby's anisotropy induces sufficient thermal spin polarization for high-sensitivity magnetometry at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermally-Polarized Solid-State Spin Sensor

Wilcox¹,

Eisenach²,

Barry³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…In addition to being used as a base material , sapphire can be used as luminescent materials for solid state lasers and as other active equipment [1] . Sapphire is usually manufactured by CZ (Czochralski) methods ,Verneuil, EFG (Edge defined Film-fed Growth) etc [2] . The liquid-encapsulated Czochralski method can inhibit the interfacial thermocapillary convection, prevent the volatilization of volatile components in the process of crystal growth, and improve the heat transfer conditions in the crystallization process, which shows a great prospect in the field of crystal growth [3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability Analysis of Thermocapillary Convection of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Sapphire Melt in an Annular Pool

2021

MSF

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Aiming at the thermocapillary convection stability of sapphire crystal grown by liquid-encapsulated Czochralski method, by non-linear numerical simulation, obtained the flow function and temperature distribution of R-Z cross section, as well as the velocity and temperature distribution at liquid-liquid interface and monitoring point of B2O3/sapphire melt in annular two liquid system, covered with solid upper wall and in microgravity. By means of linear stability analysis, obtained the neutral stability curve and critical stability parameters of the system, and revealed the temperature fluctuation of the liquid-liquid interface. The calculated results of B2O3/sapphire melt were compared with 5cSt silicone oil/HT-70. The results show that under the same geometrical conditions, the flow of B2O3/sapphire melt system is more unstable than 5cSt silicone oil/HT-70, there are two unstable flow patterns, radial three-dimensional steady flow cell and hydrothermal waves near the hot wall. The larger the ratio of Pr number of upper and lower fluid layers is, the better the effect of restraining the flow of lower fluid layers is.

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Sapphire: Properties, Growth, and Applications

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Development of the CMS detector for the CERN LHC Run 3

Development of the CMS detector for the CERN LHC Run 3

Thermally-Polarized Solid-State Spin Sensor

Stability Analysis of Thermocapillary Convection of B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Sapphire Melt in an Annular Pool

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