Saposhnikoviae divaricata : a phytochemical, pharmacological, and pharmacokinetic review

Abstract

Saposhnikoviae divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk (SD) is a traditional Chinese herb commonly used to treat clinical conditions such as rheumatism and allergic rhinitis. This review article evaluates a collection of works on in vitro and biochemical studies of SD. The discourse on the diverse class of chromones and coumarins in SD offers an insight to the pharmacological effects of these bioactive constituents as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, immunoregulatory, antioxidative, and anti-proliferative agents. It is highlighted that there is a structural relationship between the constituents and bioactive activities, which in effect provides a valid reasoning and reaffirm the use of SD in the treatment of the pathologies in Chinese medicine.

Saposhnikovia divaricata—An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review

“…Phytochemical studies have revealed that there are approximately 100 compounds with different structural patterns isolated from S. divaricata, including chromones, coumarins, acid esters, polyacetylenes, volatile oils, polysaccharides, and inorganic elements (1,4,(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) as shown in Appendixes 3-9.…”

“…They have extremely diverse structures, which are divided into simple coumarins, pyranocoumarins, furanocoumarins, and other coumarins. (1,21,22) At present, a total of 35 coumarins, primarily furanocoumarins and pyranocoumarins, have been identified from S. divaricata (Appendixes 4 and 5). Among them, the 17 furanocoumarins isolated include bergapten (18), byakangelicin (19), deltoin (20), imperatorin (21), isoimperatorin (22), isobergapten (23), marmesin (24), methoxy-8-(3-hydroxymethylbut-2-enyloxy)-psoralen (25), nodakenetin (26), oxypeucedanin hydrate (27), phellopterin (28), psoralen (29), sapodivarin (30), xanthotoxin (31), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen (32), nodakenin (33), and xanthoarnol (34).…”

“…The extract still had no cytotoxic effect, although it reduced viability of the LPS-activated cells at a dilution of 1/1,000 (P<0.05). (1)…”

Simultaneous Determination of Six Chromones in Saposhnikoviae Radix via Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents by Single Marker

“…e HCA was applied to analyze the concentrations of GC, G, GV, V, GH, and H. e result indicated that 54 batches of commercial SRs (the 51st batch of SR was self-contained, not considered) were divided into two categories as shown in Figure 5. On the one hand, Cluster 1 consisted of 45 batch samples (34,55,14,54,1,11,4,15,36,39,10,40,41,42,35,18,47,7,28,43,46,23,27,50,16,29,2,3,5,21,9,12,8,38,19,44,13,37,24,48,26,20,32,33,30), in which their total content of six components was not more than 8 mg•g −1 . On the other hand, the remaining 9 batch samples (6,31,25,22,45,…”

“…SR has several components: chromones, polysaccharides, coumarins, volatile oils, and other components [9][10][11][12]. It is worth mentioning that chromones are the most representative components in SR. On the one hand, there are extremely abundant content [13].…”