Saponins in tissue culture of Primula veris L.

Abstract

Roots of Primula veris L. contain considerable amounts of triterpene saponins, which are used in medicine as expectorants. P. veris is in many places an endangered plant, and its production in the field is laborious and a low yielding process. Plant tissue culture provides an alternative means for producing secondary metabolites. Shoot apex, callus, suspension, and root cultures of P. veris were developed for saponin production. In these cultures, the content of triterpene saponins, with focus on primula acid I, the most dominant saponin in Primula species, was determined and compared to that in soil-grown plants. The highest content of primula acid I was observed in root cultures, on average 29.5 mg/g dry weight. Some culture lines contained higher amounts of primula acid I (62.6 mg/g dry weight) than the roots of plants grown in soil.

Isoprenoid Production via Plant Cell Cultures: Biosynthesis, Accumulation and Scaling-Up to Bioreactors

“…Usually TG content is considerably lower in cells cultured in vitro compared to intact plants [ 98 , 107 , 110 ]. Often the ability to synthesize TG declined or even disappeared after prolonged cultivation in vitro cultivation [ 107 ], though exceptions exist. An example of such case could be observed with Centella asiatica (Apiaceae) suspension culture, which accumulated asiaticoside in higher amounts than in callus and intact plant [ 114 , 115 ].…”

In vitro Root Culture : An Alternative Source of Bioactives in the Rare Aphrodisiac Herb Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant et Fern

“…Phytochemical analysis of in vitro grown roots of both the populations (CBRC-1 and 2) revealed the presence of substantial amount of saponins (18.9 and 20% in CBRC-1 and 2) [ Table 2. Reports describing the production and quantification of saponins from cultured cells and tissues are restricted mainly to the genus Panax (Furuya et al 1983, Chi et al 1989, Choi et al 1994and Wu et al 1999 and Primula (Okrslar et al 2007). A few reports on quantification of saponins from transformed roots of Panax ginseng are also available (Yoshikawa et al 1987, Hwang et al 1991) but reports describing quantification of saponins and sapogenins from in vivo/in vitro cultured roots of C. borivilianum are rare.…”

Effect of plant growth regulators and explant types on induction and growth of callus of Primula veris L.

“…In addition, our results proved that 0.1 mg/l KIN or 1.0 mg/l BA combined with 2.0 mg/l and 3.5 mg/l 2,4-D, respectively were the best cytokinins for callus induction on root or cotyledon explants and that the time needed for calli induction was 3 to 4 weeks of culture. In his studies on P. veris, Okršlar et al [22] observed effective callus induction from root explants on Anderson medium with KIN (4.5 µM) and 2,4-D (45.0 µM ), and on MS medium with BA (4.5 µM) and NAA (45.0 µM), but after a much longer time of 2 to 6 months. In turn, Schween and Schwenkel [16] reported callus induction on hypocotyl and leaf explants from seedlings of P. vulgaris and P. elatior on MS medium with various concentrations of TDZ and 2,4-D, after only 1 to 3 weeks.…”