Saponins in Insect Pest Control

Qasim, Muhammad; Islam, Waqar; Ashraf, Hafiza Javaria; Ali, Imran; Wang, Liande

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96397-6_39

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The leaves contain catechol, tannins, gallic tannins, steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, and alkaloids [ 30 ], and secondary metabolite, such as glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. It has been demonstrated that tannins and saponins exert toxic action on insects [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. In our experiments, the numbers of adults and the development periods of Corcyra cephalonica and Idaea inquinata were not affected by the addition of M. oleifera leaves to the artificial diet in a proportion of one-quarter; therefore, the number of leaves was insufficient for the secondary metabolites to exert their toxic action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Dried and Powdered Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves Susceptible to Moths That Feed on Stored Products?

Limonta

Locatelli

2021

Insects

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The leaves of Moringa oleifera are increasingly used as a food supplement in several countries due to their nutritional composition, which is rich in protein, vitamins, and mineral salts. Foodstuffs can be damaged by several pests when stored in environments with temperatures that are favorable to insect development; therefore, the susceptibility of M. oleifera leaves to attacks of moths that feed on stored products was tested. Tests were carried out on Pyralid Cadra cautella, Corcyra cephalonica, and Plodia interpunctella, as well as Geometrid Idaea inquinata, which were reared on dried whole or powdered M. oleifera leaves, an artificial diet, or an artificial diet supplemented with dried or powdered leaves. The numbers of adults and the development periods with the different diets were recorded. M. oleifera leaves were unsuitable as a rearing medium for all of the species except I. inquinata, although only a few individuals of this species reached the adult stage. The use of an artificial diet of which one-quarter consisted of dried and powdered leaves did not affect the number of progeny or on the biological cycle, showing that the effect was due to the nutritional composition, as well as to the toxic effect. The storage of M. oleifera as powdered leaves is recommended in order to preserve the nutritional characteristics and avoid damage caused by moth larvae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Dried and Powdered Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves Susceptible to Moths That Feed on Stored Products?

Limonta

Locatelli

2021

Insects

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“…[24]. Saponic compounds estimated to appear at Rf values of 0.71 to 0.80 have been highly associated with mortality, antioviposition, larvicidal activity, and emergence of F 1 progeny of the family Bruchidae [31]. Saponins from Nicotiana tabacum, Tephrosia vogelii, and Securidaca longepedunculata were found to be toxic to the larvae of C. chinensis and C. maculatus by preventing larval growth and reduction of adult emergence [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioviposition and Reduction of Callosobruchus chinensis Pic. 1902 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Emergence on Phaseolus vulgaris by Dioscorea sansibarensis Powder and Its Chemical Composition

Mauti

Kasigwa

Onguso

2020

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Callosobruchus chinensis causes damage to the Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. Traditionally, Dioscorea sansibarensis serves as a medicinal plant. Naturally, D. sansibarensis has toxins that protect against herbivores and the surrounding invasive plants in its natural habitat. Phytochemical analysis by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and laboratory experiments was carried out to determine the activity of D. sansibarensis leaves, bulbils, and yams powders on antioviposition and inhibition of the F1 emergence of C. chinensis. Bioassay data were subjected to nonparametric (Kolmogorov–Smirnov) statistical analysis and a generalized linear model at P ≤ 0.05 . Statistically, the powders had an antioviposition activity of 34.3% (R2 = 0.343). A recommendable activity on antioviposition was displayed by the yams powder; treatment by 0.8 g of yams powder had a Wald Chi-Square value of 1.291, P = 0.26 . Inhibition of F1 emergence was significantly attained by the yams powder; the treatment by 0.6 g of yams powder had a Wald Chi-Square value of 7.72, P = 0.01 . Statistically, the bulbils powder displayed low antioviposition and inhibition of F1 emergence. Observations on the TLC exposed compounds with similar Rf values; saponin with an Rf value of 0.72 was portrayed in the leaves, bulbils, and yams. A terpenoid and a flavonoid with Rf values of 0.37 and 0.71, respectively, were observed in bulbils and yams but absent in leaves. A terpenoid with an Rf value of 0.49 was visualized in leaves and bulbils but not in the yams powder. The study concluded that the D. sansibarensis yams and leaves powders are viable for application by the farmers in the protection of stored legumes against attack by C. chinensis. However, there may be other diverse interests in other storage insects and other methods of phytochemical analysis that have not been investigated.

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“…The p-values for all the timings are above α (0.05), which indicates that there was no significant difference between the ten treatments in terms of repellent activity, indicative that the extracts had no repellent effect on the paddy bugs. The use of these plants was based on reported information that they contained bioactive compounds [14] [15] [16] [17] that act as natural antifeedants and insecticides against grazing animals and insects that tend to attack plants [17]. [18] reported the presence of α-pinene, sabinene, (E)-caryophyllene, ar-curcumene, β-sesquiphellandrene, 7-cyclodecen-1one, and ar-Turmerone as major compounds in the essential oil of C. curassavica.…”

Section: Repellent Activity For Each Treatment With Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to [17], saponins are known to act as both antifeedants and insecticides against different life stages of insect pests, thus playing an important role in the natural defence mechanisms of some plants. The presence of saponins in both C. gigantea and M. charantia may have also played a role in the observed mortality of O. poecilus in this research.…”

Section: Repellent Activity For Each Treatment With Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating insecticidal and repellent activity of Momordica charantia, Calotropis gigantea and Cordia curassavica against Oebalus poecilus

Deolall¹,

Singh²,

Srikishen³

et al. 2022

GSC Biol. Pharm. Sci.

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Oebalus poecilus (paddy bug) is a destructive rice pest in Guyana that is currently controlled with synthetic chemical pesticides. Increasing resistance rates and farmer's overuse of pesticides have resulted in economic and ecological issues for Guyanese rice farmers. Amid growing economic and ecological concerns, this experiment aimed to investigate the use of alternative botanical extracts from the leaves of Momordica charantia (Baan-Carailli), Calotropis gigantea (Madar-Flower) and Cordia curassavica (Blacksage) to control paddy bug infestation by testing their efficacy as insecticides on O. poecilus. A completely randomized experimental design and a hot water extraction method was used to prepare the leaf extracts used in this experiment. Three different concentrations (6%, 12% and 24%) of each extract were tested on the adult stage of the bugs for mortality and repellent activity. The results, after 72 hours, were recorded and revealed that all extracts demonstrated insecticidal properties. No toxicity as a systemic insecticide on contact with bugs was observed, thus implying no repellent effect. At 72 hours, the average mortalities recorded for the different extracts were Momordica charantia (98.62%), Cordia curassavica (90.25%) and Calotropis gigantea (100%). Extracts performed better at 6% and 24% when compared. Leaf extracts from Calotropis gigantea at 6% and 24% were most effective when compared to the other extracts used in this experiment.

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Saponins in Insect Pest Control

Cited by 16 publications

References 142 publications

Are Dried and Powdered Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves Susceptible to Moths That Feed on Stored Products?

Are Dried and Powdered Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaves Susceptible to Moths That Feed on Stored Products?

Antioviposition and Reduction of Callosobruchus chinensis Pic. 1902 (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Emergence on Phaseolus vulgaris by Dioscorea sansibarensis Powder and Its Chemical Composition

Investigating insecticidal and repellent activity of Momordica charantia, Calotropis gigantea and Cordia curassavica against Oebalus poecilus

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