Saponin Stabilization via Progressive Freeze Concentration and Sterilization Treatment

Abstract

Saponin is a biopesticide used to suppress the growth of the golden apple snail population. This study aims to determine the stabilized conditions for saponin storage. The maceration process was used for saponin extraction, and for saponin concentration, progressive freeze concentration (PFC) was used. Afterwards, stability analysis was performed by storing the sample for 21 days in two conditions: Room temperature (26 °C) and cold room (10 °C). The samples kept in a cold room were sterilized samples that undergo thermal treatment by placing the sample in the water bath. The non-sterilized samples were kept in room temperature condition for 21 days. The results showed that saponin stored in the cold room (sterilized sample) has low degradation with higher concentration than those stored at room temperature in stability analysis with the highest saponin concentration (0.730 mg/mL) at a concentration temperature of −6 °C and concentration time of 15 min. The lowest saponin concentration obtained by saponin stored at room temperature (non-sterilized sample) is 0.025 mg/mL at a concentration temperature of −6 °C and concentration time of 10 min. Thus, the finding concluded that saponin is sensitive to temperature. Hence, the best storage condition to store saponin after thermal treatment is to keep it in a cold room at 10 °C.

Experimental study on progressive freeze-concentration based desalination employing a rectangular channel crystallizer

“…16 The progressive freezeconcentration (PFC) process facilitates the unidirectional growth of ice and produces a single ice crystal over a cold surface with liquid motion beside the ice-liquid interface. 17 Researchers explored the PFC method for application in fruit 18 and vegetable 19 juice, synthetic urine, 20 sucrose and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution, 21 whey proteinsucrose-salt mixtures, 22 dairy products, 23 biopesticides, 24 nutrient recovery from agro-industrial wastewater, 25 and Ca 2+ ion separation from wastewater. 26 Several groups of researchers applied the PFC method to desalinate brackish water, seawater and brine involving a single freezing-thawing stage.…”