Sapling recruitment in mixed stands in the Northern Plateau of Spain: a patch model approach

Pardos, Marta; Madrigal, Guillermo; Dios-García, Javier de; Gordo, Javier; Calama, Rafael

doi:10.1007/s00468-021-02171-2

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…However, regeneration dynamics in mixed pine-oak-juniper stands in the Northern Plateau, formerly dominated by P. pinea as a result of management to promote pine nut production, will be affected in the mid-term. For instance, a modelling approach on sapling recruitment in these stands, revealed successional trajectories towards J. thurifera and Q. ilex in the long-term [44]. The high plasticity of J. thurifera (physiological traits) and Q. ilex seedlings (physiological and allometric traits) to different light and water availability environments, and their ability to benefit from sporadic summer rainfall events will confer these two species with an adaptive advantage in the early growth stages in comparison with P. pinea and Q. faginea seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Strategies of Seedlings of Four Mediterranean Co-Occurring Tree Species in Response to Light and Moderate Drought: A Nursery Approach

Pardos

Calama

2022

Forests

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In Mediterranean environments, light and water are clearly dominant ecological drivers of seedling growth and survival, and their interaction could modify productivity and forest composition. We examine the early response of seedlings of four co-occurring Mediterranean tree species (Pinus pinea, Juniperus thurifera, Quercus ilex and Quercus faginea) grown in the nursery to differing light and water availability conditions. Morphological (survival, height, biomass) and physiological (shoot midday water potential, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, Fv/Fm, PSII and ETR) traits were studied, along with biomass allocation traits and drought resistance and plasticity indices. A significant effect of both factors was mainly shown for growth and morphological traits, while survival, physiological traits and allometry were affected by either water availability or light, being more remarkable the effect of water availability over light. Drought severely limited Q. faginea’s survival under both light intensities. The high plasticity of J. thurifera and Q. ilex seedlings to different light and water availability environments will confer these two species with an adaptive advantage in the early growth stages in comparison with P. pinea and Q. faginea seedlings. Thus, to maintain the codominance of the four species, silvicultural interventions should focus on the joint management of all of them.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Strategies of Seedlings of Four Mediterranean Co-Occurring Tree Species in Response to Light and Moderate Drought: A Nursery Approach

Pardos

Calama

2022

Forests

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“…In recent decades, episodes of forest mortality related to droughts and heat waves have occurred [2][3][4]. In addition, since the last quarter of the 20th century, an increasing difficulty in the regeneration of Mediterranean forests has been observed [5], frequently associated with increased summer drought that hampers regeneration, causing seedling and even adult tree mortality [6][7][8][9]. Regeneration problems are especially important in the Mediterranean, but have also been identified in boreal areas [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five study parameters were selected (Table 2): (i) mean temperature (T); (ii) rainfall (R); (iii) As pointed out in the introduction, regeneration problems are common throughout Mediterranean Spain, especially in continental areas. Numerous works highlight the regeneration problems of Pinus and Quercus stands in Central Spain [5,17,22,[30][31][32][33][34], which sometimes go far back in time. Forest inventories prepared for management plans in this region frequently show an absence of regeneration, even of young trees, which confirms that it is a problem that has been present for decades.…”

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Effects of Climate Change on Forest Regeneration in Central Spain

Enríquez‐de‐Salamanca

2022

Atmosphere

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The Mediterranean climate has dry and hot summers, which is harsh for plants, especially seedlings. During the 1950s and 1960s, most reforestations carried out in Central Spain, a Mediterranean climate area, were successful, but in recent decades an increasing difficulty in forest regeneration has been observed, often attributed to increased summer drought. This study analyses changes in climatic parameters related to forest regeneration through statistical treatment of meteorological data series from the mid-twentieth century to the present. Simple and multiple regressions and ANOVAs were performed for five parameters, considering annual, summer and extended summer values. Rainfall reduction and prolongation of the summer drought period were not statistically significant. The change that better explains regeneration problems is the increase in temperature, especially in July and August, which was mostly significant between 2002 and 2021. Raising temperatures increase the vapor pressure deficit, exacerbating drought effects and plant mortality. Climate change scenarios point to an increase in temperatures until 2100; thus, the tipping point for natural regeneration of some species could be passed. The most affected species are those at their ecological limit. It is necessary to facilitate the adaptation of these forests to climate change, since their future will depend on the actions carried out today.

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Enhanced interannual drought resilience in mixed stands: unveiling possible complementarity effects between tree species of the Spanish Northern Plateau

Jankowski,

Calama,

Madrigal

et al. 2024

Eur J Forest Res

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Climate change is expected to intensify drought in the Mediterranean region. Previous studies indicate that tree species mixing may reduce the water stress. Our study investigates the response to past drought events of four co-occurring Mediterranean species: Pinus pinea L. (stone pine), Pinus pinaster Ait. (maritime pine), Juniperus thurifera L. (Spanish juniper) and Quercus ilex L (holm oak). The study was performed at an interannual scale, both in monospecific and mixed stands. Annual tree ring widths data measured on increment cores and stem discs obtained from 281 trees were used to quantify the responses to drought events using complementary resilience indices. Additionally, we assessed tree intra- and inter-specific competition impact over the past 25 years. We fitted and compared generalised linear mixed models to determine the influence of species identity, stand composition as intra-specific and inter-specific competition on complementary resilience indices and annual basal area increment. The co-existence with other species enhanced the resistance to drought of the stone pine as the resilience capacity of the Spanish juniper. Conversely, maritime pine’s drought resistance declined considerably in mixed stands. Notably, only the anisohydric species Spanish juniper and holm oak were able to return to pre-disturbance growth rates after the drought. The influence of competition on tree growth was found to differ according to the hydrological conditions of each year and varied based on the specific source of competition. Our study showed that mixed stands in the Spanish Northern Plateau, especially with holm oak and Spanish juniper, are more resilient to prolonged droughts due to spatio-temporal complementarity and subsequent competition reduction. That is another reason for which such composed mixed stands should be promoted in the arid conditions of the Spanish Northern Plateau.

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Sapling recruitment in mixed stands in the Northern Plateau of Spain: a patch model approach

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Adaptive Strategies of Seedlings of Four Mediterranean Co-Occurring Tree Species in Response to Light and Moderate Drought: A Nursery Approach

Adaptive Strategies of Seedlings of Four Mediterranean Co-Occurring Tree Species in Response to Light and Moderate Drought: A Nursery Approach

Effects of Climate Change on Forest Regeneration in Central Spain

Enhanced interannual drought resilience in mixed stands: unveiling possible complementarity effects between tree species of the Spanish Northern Plateau

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