Sap Flow and Vascular Functioning During Fruit Development

Clearwater, Michael J.; Ong, Sam; Li, K.T.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2013.991.47

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…(a) Total flow (the sum of xylem and phloem flows) was measured using sap flow gauges (Clearwater et al . ) and predicted using a biophysical model of fruit development (Hall et al . ; Hall, unpublished).…”

Section: Carbon–water Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation, stress tolerance and carbon transport in plants: how does phloem physiology affect plant ecology?

Savage

Clearwater

Haines

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

173

126

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Despite the crucial role of carbon transport in whole plant physiology and its impact on plant-environment interactions and ecosystem function, relatively little research has tried to examine how phloem physiology impacts plant ecology. In this review, we highlight several areas of active research where inquiry into phloem physiology has increased our understanding of whole plant function and ecological processes. We consider how xylem-phloem interactions impact plant drought tolerance and reproduction, how phloem transport influences carbon allocation in trees and carbon cycling in ecosystems and how phloem function mediates plant relations with insects, pests, microbes and symbiotes. We argue that in spite of challenges that exist in studying phloem physiology, it is critical that we consider the role of this dynamic vascular system when examining the relationship between plants and their biotic and abiotic environment.

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Section: Carbon–water Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation, stress tolerance and carbon transport in plants: how does phloem physiology affect plant ecology?

Savage

Clearwater

Haines

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

173

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The supposed dichotomy between xylem-hydration and phloem-hydration in flowers is likely not a dichotomy after all but rather a spectrum between more or less contributions from the phloem. In fruits, there has been a similar debate about the contribution of the phloem (Greenspan et al 1994;Ho et al 1987;Lang 1990), and the most recent evidence suggests that both the xylem and the phloem supply water, but the relative contributions of the two pathways may vary during development (Choat et al 2009;Clearwater et al 2012;Clearwater et al 2013;Windt et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic conductance and the maintenance of water balance in flowers

Roddy

Brodersen

Dawson

2016

Plant Cell & Environment

121

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Flowers face desiccating conditions, yet little is known about their ability to transport water. We quantified variability in floral hydraulic conductance (Kflower ) for 20 species from 10 families and related it to traits hypothesized to be associated with liquid and vapour phase water transport. Basal angiosperm flowers had trait values associated with higher water and carbon costs than monocot and eudicot flowers. Kflower was coordinated with water supply (vein length per area, VLA) and loss (minimum epidermal conductance, gmin ) traits among the magnoliids, but was insensitive to variation in these traits among the monocots and eudicots. Phylogenetic independent contrast (PIC) correlations revealed that few traits had undergone coordinated evolution. However, VLA and the desiccation time (Tdes ), the quotient of water content and gmin , had significant trait and PIC correlations. The near absence of stomata from monocot and eudicot flowers may have been critical in minimizing water loss rates among these clades. Early divergent, basal angiosperm flowers maintain higher Kflower because of traits associated with high rates water loss and water supply, while monocot and eudicot flowers employ a more conservative strategy of limiting water loss and may rely on stored water to maintain turgor and delay desiccation.

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“…The supposed dichotomy between xylem-hydration and phloem-hydration in flowers is likely not a dichotomy after all but rather a spectrum between more or less contribution from the phloem. In fruits, there has been a similar debate about the contribution of the phloem (Ho et al 1987;Lang 1990;Greenspan et al 1994), and the most recent evidence suggests that both the xylem and the phloem supply water, but the relative contributions of the two pathways may vary during development (Choat et al 2009;Windt et al 2009;Clearwater et al 2012;Clearwater et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Angiosperm leaves are particularly capable of efficiently transporting water because of high leaf vein densities ('vein length per area,' VLA) that move water closer to the sites of evaporation (Brodribb et al 2007;Brodribb et al 2010;Feild & Brodribb 2013;Buckley 2015), minimize changes in leaf water content (Noblin et al 2008;Zwieniecki & Boyce 2014), and, ultimately, increase growth rates (Berendse & Scheffer 2009). The fundamental constraint of maintaining water balance by matching liquid water supply to vapor loss determines the range of possible leaf designs, from the organization of cells within leaves to the shapes and sizes of leaves themselves (Sack et al 2008;Sack et al 2012;John et al 2013;Li et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%