Sanitary Condition of Calcutta.

Rawlinson, R

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)37359-8

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“…Observations from Arctic explorers were also available. Nightingale’s civil engineer colleague, Robert Rawlinson, cited sunlight as being of the “utmost importance” and that any hospital plan that did not provide for it would be “defective” (Rawlinson, 1860).…”

Section: Sunlight and Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Florence Nightingale’s Influence on Hospital Design, Hospitalism, Hospital Diseases, and Hospital Architects

McDonald

2020

HERD

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Nightingale, soon after the Crimean War (1854-1856), became the leading hospital reformer. She was not the first to take on the cause, but she did by far the most to effect change. Preceding her was Dr. John Roberton who began to give papers on hospital reform to the Manchester Statistical Society in 1855. Soon each was promoting the other's work. James Y. Simpson, an Edinburgh surgeon, in the 1860s published extensively on the subject, using the term "hospitalism" and calling for the use of very small, temporary, iron buildings as the best means of prevention. He and Nightingale exchanged views on surgical outcomes in 1869. At the time, the surgery could be a success, but nearly half of postsurgery patients died of gangrene. The term "hospitalism" is at least recognizable English, as opposed to "nosocomial disease," from the Italian for hospital, or "iatrogenic," from the Greek for doctor.Nightingale had a wary attitude to hospital architects for the obvious reason that they had such a capacity to get things wrong. In a memorandum in 1859, she put it: "In building or extending a hospital, it is to be taken for granted that the object in view is to benefit and not injure the sick" (McDonald, 2012, p. 639). Her still-quoted admonition dates to her Preface to Notes on Hospitals:It may seem a strange principle to enunciate as the very first requirement in a hospital that it do the sick no harm. It is quite necessary, nevertheless, to lay down such a principle, because the actual mortality in hospitals, especially those in large, crowded cities, is very much higher than any calculation founded on the mortality of the same classes of diseases treated out of hospital would lead us to expect.

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Section: Sunlight and Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Florence Nightingale’s Influence on Hospital Design, Hospitalism, Hospital Diseases, and Hospital Architects

McDonald

2020

HERD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Sanitary Condition of Calcutta.

Cited by 1 publication

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Florence Nightingale’s Influence on Hospital Design, Hospitalism, Hospital Diseases, and Hospital Architects

Florence Nightingale’s Influence on Hospital Design, Hospitalism, Hospital Diseases, and Hospital Architects

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