Sandwiched electrode buffer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells with dual back surface fields

Zai, Huachao; Su, Jie; Zhu, Cheng; Chen, Yihua; Ma, Yue; Zhang, Pengxiang; Ma, Sai; Zhang, Xiao; Xie, Haipeng; Fan, Rundong; Huang, Zijian; Li, Nengxu; Zhang, Yu; Li, Yujing; Yang, Bai; Gao, Ziyan; Wang, Xueyun; Hong, Jiawang; Sun, Kangwen; Chang, Jingjing; Zhou, Huanping; Chen, Qi

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2021.06.001

Cited by 67 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Chen and co‐workers developed sandwiched electrode buffer (SEB) serving as hole‐transport layer (HTL) ( Figure a,b). [ 79 ] The SEB enables the desired band alignment between the absorber material and the rear electrode, induces defect passivation effects, which stabilize the perovskite, HTL, and metal electrodes. Accordingly, planar n–i–p PSCs with SEB delivered an efficiency of 23.9% (certified 23.4%).…”

Section: Metal Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metal Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b) SEB suppresses mass loss, ion migration, and electrode diffusion in PSCs.c) Operational stability tests in MPP tracking regime under 1 sun equivalent white LED illumination in a nitrogen atmosphere. Reproduced with permission [79]. Copyright 2021, Cell Press.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rear Electrode Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

Chen

Zhang

Guan

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a promising next‐generation photovoltaic technology considering their high efficiency and low cost. At the current stage, resolving the stability bottleneck is extremely urgent to realize PSCs’ commercialization since the efficiencies of these cells are improved to a level comparable to that of crystalline silicon solar cells. Similar to other functional layers, a proper choice of the rear electrode atop the perovskite layer is equally important for achieving the device's long‐term stability. This topic has not been comprehensively reviewed before. Here, recent progress in the development of rear electrodes based on metals, carbon‐based materials, transparent conductive oxides, and conductive polymers is summarized, especially focusing on their different impacts on the device's long‐term stability and associated degradation mechanisms. In the context of practical applications, the impacts of rear electrode materials on the device's overall efficiency and cost‐effectiveness are also discussed.

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Section: Metal Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metal Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rear Electrode Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

Chen

Zhang

Guan

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The enhanced surface potential can accelerate interfacial hole injection and thus lead to efficient charge collection probability as well as suppression of charge recombination. [ 37 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaporated Undoped Spiro‐OMeTAD Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Exceeding 20% Efficiency

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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Thermal evaporation (TE) as a scalable and low‐cost technique for fabrication of organic hole transport materials (HTMs) typically produces low photovoltaic performance and poor device reproducibility in the application of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and there is a clear need to understand the weaknesses of TE. Here, a versatile manufacturing technology, solvent‐annealing assisted thermal evaporation (SATE), enabling effective modulation of organic film morphology as well as optoelectronic properties, is introduced. The SATE method produces undoped spiro‐OMeTAD layers with high density, good film homogeneity, enhanced conductivity, and remarkable film stability, all of which are superior to that made by conventional TE. In addition, SATE films eliminate the dopant induced degradation mechanism and simultaneously improve the electrical conductivity of undoped HTMs. Significantly, the resulting devices yield a 36% enhancement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 14.68% (TE) to 20.02% (SATE), which is the highest reported PCE for evaporated HTMs in n–i–p PSCs. Moreover, unencapsulated PSC devices with SATE demonstrate an impressive environmental and thermal stability by maintaining 85% of initial performance after 2500 h in air with 30% humidity. The high efficiency with simultaneously improved stability demonstrates SATE can be generally applicable to controllable fabrication of organic thin film and reliable devices.

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“…Zai et al. developed a sandwiched structure by introducing electrode buffer layer containing 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4‐TCNQ) at both interfaces that are adjacent to spiro‐OMeTAD HTL in n–i–p planar PSCs [158] . The interlayers provided optimized energy level alignment to improve carrier transport, achieving a PCE of up to 23.9 % (Figure 10 g).…”

Section: Non‐additive Engineering For Htmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion Strategies of Hole Transport Materials by Electronic and Steric Controls for n–i–p Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Hole transport materials (HTMs) play a requisite role in n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The properties of HTMs, such as hole extraction efficiency, chemical compatibility, film morphology, ion migration barrier, and so on, significantly affect PSCs' power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and stabilities. Up till now, researchers have devoted much attention to developing new types of HTMs as well as promoting pristine HTMs using numerous strategies. In this Review, we summarize the design strategies of various common HTMs for n-i-p PSCs are comprehensively discussed from two separate aspects (additive and non-additive engineering). Additive engineering generally tunes electronic properties of HTMs while non-additive engineering basically modifies their steric structures. Critical analysis and comparison between these design strategies are provided, considering the overall PCEs and stabilities of PSCs. Finally, a brief perspective on future promising design strategies for HTMs is given, in order to fabricate efficient and stable n-i-p devices for the commercialization of PSCs.

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Sandwiched electrode buffer for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells with dual back surface fields

Cited by 67 publications

References 55 publications

Rear Electrode Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

Rear Electrode Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells

Evaporated Undoped Spiro‐OMeTAD Enables Stable Perovskite Solar Cells Exceeding 20% Efficiency

Promotion Strategies of Hole Transport Materials by Electronic and Steric Controls for n–i–p Perovskite Solar Cells

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