Sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Amazônia of Maranhão. V. Seasonal occurrence in ancient colonization area and endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis

Abstract

In this paper, the seasonal abundance of 25 sandfly species (1 of the Brumptomyia genus and 24 of the Lutzomyia genus) found at P1V5, municipal district of Buriticupu, Maranhão State, is discussed. The capture was carried out from 18:00 P.M. to 6:00 A.M., once a month, from January to December 1996. CDC light traps were set up in the forest, in the peri and intradomicile environments. Five species were only found in the rainy season (January to June), being represented by one or two individuals; eight species occurred only in the dry season (July to December) and eleven species appeared in both seasons. The most frequent species in the dry period were:3%) and L. migonei (2.5%). In the rainy season, L. whitmani was the prevailing species (74%), followed by L. termitophila (4%), L. umbratilis (3.4%), L. serrana (2.8%), L. evandroi (2,8%) and L. claustrei (2.4%). L. whitmani was thought to be an annual species, occurring in the entire year of study. The others species, with exception to L. serrana and L. evandroi, showed a seasonal, punctual or peripheric pattern.

Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a cerrado area of the Maranhão state, Brazil

“…longipalpis suggests that the visceral leishmaniasis transmission is not dependent on the rainy period, even though an increased sand fl y population has been collected during the highest pluviometric index season, as previously reported (Rebêlo et al 1999b. Lutzomyia whitmani occurred almost all year round and mostly in the rainy season, as already observed in cerrado region (Rebêlo et al 1999b) and in the Amazonian areas of Maranhão (Rebêlo et al 2001).…”

Study on phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna in Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

“…In the states of Ceará, Bahia, and Mato Grosso do Sul, a higher population density of phlebotomine sand flies has been observed during the rainy periods (Deane 1956, Sherlok & Guilton 1969, Galati et al 1997, while in Costa Rica, higher densities occur in the dry periods (Zeledón et al 1984) In Amazônia Maranhense, there have been abundant phlebotomine species during the rainy periods, others in dry periods and several species irregularly distributed throughout the year, L. longipalpis and L. whitmani (Rebêlo et al 2001b).…”

Ecoepidemiologia da leishmaniose tegumentar no Município de Buriticupu, Amazônia do Maranhão, Brasil, 1996 a 1998

“…Neste contexto, dispõe-se de observações consistentes sobre alguns aspectos da ecologia da fauna flebotomínica 6,7 , sobretudo, da presença freqüente de Lutzomyia whitmani, tanto no ambiente silvestre como nos ecó-topos artificiais; além de informações sobre o nível de conhecimento das populações locais sobre a doença 8 .…”

“…Nessa perspectiva, este estudo analisa alguns aspectos da epidemiologia da LT, levando-se em consideração a ocupação, sexo e faixa etária e a flutuação sazonal dos casos notificados da população, nos anos de 1996 a 1998, a fim de comparar estes dados com aqueles obtidos por Rebêlo et al 6,7 no mesmo período, sobre a fauna flebotomínica da região. Seu relevo é parte de uma das últimas ramificações da Serra do Gurupi, no sentido norte.…”