Sand waves in the North Sea off the coast of Holland

Single and superimposed bedforms: a synthesis of San Francisco Bay and flume observations

“…This variation has been measured in flumes (Raudkivi, 1966) and in natural flows (McLean, 1976). The effect of this variation on the distribution of superimposed bedforms has been observed by Guy et al (1966), McCave (1971), and Harms et al (1974). Guy et al (1966) observed that in flows with shear velocities low in the sand-wave range, ripples covered sandwave stoss slopes.…”

“…At shear velocities that are higher in the sand-wave range, upper flat-beds formed at sand-wave crests and ripples were restricted to lower shear-velocity flow in the troughs. Similarly, Harms et al (1974) observed a trough-to-crest sequence of algae-stabilized flat beds to ripples to small sand waves, superimposed on larger sand waves, and McCave (1971, fig. 5D) observed a trough-to-crest increase in size of superimposed bedforms.…”

“…4.7), G.P. Allen et al (1969), Coleman (1969), Pratt and Smith (1972), Jackson (1975), and is suggested by McCave's (1971) modified version of Kennedy's (1969) equation of sand-wave height:…”

Modes of sediment transport in channelized water flows with ramifications to the erosion of the Martian outflow channels

“…(I) are transported as bed load, those with smaller w~ values move in suspension. Various values of the critical k have been used: k = 1.00 (Lane and Kalinske, 1939;Inman, 1949;Francis, 1973: Middleton, 1976, k = 1.20 (Einstein, 1950), k = 1.25 (Bagnold, 1966) and k = 1.79 (McCave, 1971). This range of k values is in part due to the rather arbitrary nature of the distinction between bed load and suspension transport.…”

Facies analysis of the lower cycles of the Mesaverde Group (Upper Cretaceous) in northwestern Colorado

“…Processes that deposited the First Mancos sandstone of Konishi (1959a) may have been similar to those forming modern linear sand ridges (Duane and others, 1972) on the Atlantic shelf off the East Coast of the U.S., or in the North Sea off Holland (Houboult, 1968;McCave, 1971). Modern linear sand ridges extend for tens of kilometers diagonally across the shelf and are spaced at intervals of about 3 km; deposition of the ridges can result from either storms or tides (Walker, 1979).…”