Sand filtration in a water treatment plant: biological parameters responsible for clogging

Mauclaire, L.; Schürmann, A.; Thullner, Martin; Zeyer, Josef; Gammeter, Sonja

doi:10.2166/aqua.2004.0009

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…The biofi lm volume estimates (Mauclaire et al, 2004) were confi rmed by SEM observations (Fig. 5): the EPS were more abundant and thicker in the C+ than in the C-fi lters.…”

Section: Clogging Processes and Biological Responsessupporting

confidence: 55%

“…5). Previous observations demonstrated that carbonate precipitate occupied a similar pore volume to the exopolymeric substances in our fi lters (Mauclaire et al, 2004). Furthermore, the presence of hydrogen sulfi de may provoke the precipitation of iron and manganese.…”

Section: Clogging Processes and Biological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…By taking advantage of an anthropic system, we observed that the evolution of an infi ltrating sedimentary system toward clogging is unpredictable based on physical and chemical parameters. Surprisingly, "identical" systems have a completely different clogging behavior due to different development rates in the bacterial exopolymeric substances (Mauclaire et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of hydraulic conductivity on communities of microorganisms and invertebrates in porous media: a case study in drinking water slow sand filters

2006

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Abstract. The impact of reduced hydraulic conductivity on the abundance and diversity of microorganisms and invertebrates was examined in an artifi cial ecosystem consisting of a slow sand-fi lter. Sand-fi lters processed pre-treated lake water under high fl ow rates and acted as small ecosystems inhabited by a complex community. The fi rst trophic level consisting of microorganisms serves as a food source for a dense community of protists, micro-and macro-invertebrates. The reduction of hydraulic conductivity due to the development of larger bacterial and fungal biomass induced a shift of the microbial community towards anaerobiosis that may increase clogging by carbonate precipitation. The presence of more bacterial prey seems to favour the development of higher trophic levels. Predation and bioturbation by eukaryotes were not able to counteract the reduction of hydraulic conductivity due to prokaryotic clogging.

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“…The biofi lm volume estimates (Mauclaire et al, 2004) were confi rmed by SEM observations (Fig. 5): the EPS were more abundant and thicker in the C+ than in the C-fi lters.…”

Section: Clogging Processes and Biological Responsessupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Clogging Processes and Biological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of hydraulic conductivity on communities of microorganisms and invertebrates in porous media: a case study in drinking water slow sand filters

2006

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“…In detail, factors comprise the accumulation of suspended solids (Okubo and Matsumoto, 1983;Schälchli, 1992;Langergraber et al, 2003), precipitates, the formation of gas bubbles (Soares et al, 1989;Seki et al, 1998) and sediment compaction (Pé rez-Paricio and Carrera, 2001) as well as biological clogging due to microorganisms and the excretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, Vandevivere and Baveye, 1992 Bihan and Lessard, 2000). So far clogging mechanisms like biological processes have been studied mostly in laboratory experiments (Mauclaire et al, 2004) and hydraulic conductivities were made for confined systems such as ponds (Siegrist et al, 1991) or slow sand filters (Mauclaire et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bank filtration in the sandy littoral zone of Lake Tegel (Berlin): Structure and dynamics of the biological active filter zone and clogging processes

Hoffmann

Gunkel

2011

Limnologica

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a b s t r a c tThis study focused on clogging processes and on the benthic microalgal and meiofaunal assemblage in the sandy littoral zone of Lake Tegel, which are significantly involved in bank filtration, in a long-term. Our approach combined field studies and ''in situ'' experiments to highlight the structure of the biological active filter zone as well as the mechanisms and effects of clogging in the interstices that influence the infiltration process.Campaigns to measure ''in situ'' infiltration rates and hydraulic potential were conducted monthly from March 2004 to April 2005. Meiofaunal abundances and fine particulate organic matter (FPOM) were determined every 6 weeks in freeze cores down to depths of 50 cm. In parallel, concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and chlorophyll a were measured in samples of unfrozen sediment cores, that were divided in 1-cm steps down to depths of Z 10 cm. Similar sediment profiles were generated for analysis of colloidal carbohydrates, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and proteins between December 2005 and June 2006. Electron microscopy was used to visualize biofilm structure. Long-term experiments with natural FPOM and melamine resin particles as fluorescent tracers were performed to study ''in situ'' particle retention and transport, respectively. Additionally seston input was quantified during a 1-week period in April 2005.Infiltration rates showed a high temporal and spatial variability, but were not correlated with hydraulic conductivities as hydraulic gradients changed a lot. Likewise a correlation between infiltration rates and hydraulic potentials was not observed, indicating clogging processes. These are triggered to a high extend by biological compounds. In addition, seston input and intermittent gas intrusion are considered to reduce the hydraulic conductivity considerably. No significant ''in situ'' transport of inert natural fluorescent tracers was observed. However, a complete and permanent clogging of the sandy sediment does not occur, and daily infiltration rates of 0.7-27 L m À 2 h À 1 (mean 9 L m À 2 h À 1 ) guarantee a sufficient water supply by bank filtration for decades.

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“…4.2 was studied in [388]. The water was treated by ozonation followed by filtration through a rapid filter, then a second ozonation process, and filtration through activated carbon.…”

Section: Effect Of the Condition Of Distribution Systems On Drinking mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

Гончарук

2014

Drinking Water

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The relative critical overview of indicators, which set norms to the drinking water and are used as background for regulatory instruments of the USA, the EU, the WHO, Ukraine and Russia, has been revealed. The analytical review of current problems in drinking water preparation technology at centralized drinking water treatment plants has been delivered. The role of natural organic compounds of natural origin in drinking water quality has been revealed. The application of different technological measures to prepare high quality drinking water has been analysed and explained. The influence of condition of water distribution system on the drinking water quality has been evaluated. It has been cited the examples of modern technological systems of drinking water treatment. A new concept of supply the population with a quality drinking water has been introduced. It is based on representation the need to consume adequate water by a person, which is genetically safe, comprises no man induced alloys, and is characterized by occurrence of such natural substances and microelements that are easiest to digest for a body from water. KeywordsThe quality of drinking water · International regulatory instruments · Centralized drinking water treatment plants · Modern water treatment technologies · Man induced alloys, natural microelements · A new concept of supply the population with a quality drinking water Ecological and Hygienic Classification of Centralized Drinking Water Supply SourcesIn the Ukraine, the goal of creating and adhering to adequate quality and safety standards for drinking water is guaranteed by law. Legal documents such as the Water Code of Ukraine [1] and the Law of Ukraine "On drinking water and drinking water supply" [2] were written to uphold this goal. Codex found in these documents details a range of specific tasks centered around ecological, sanitary, and hygienic contents namely:• A complex development of interrelated regulatory documents (standards and norms) for ensuring an ecological and sanitary-hygienic safety practice in the field of use and protection of water and water resources;

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Sand filtration in a water treatment plant: biological parameters responsible for clogging

Cited by 37 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of hydraulic conductivity on communities of microorganisms and invertebrates in porous media: a case study in drinking water slow sand filters

Influence of hydraulic conductivity on communities of microorganisms and invertebrates in porous media: a case study in drinking water slow sand filters

Bank filtration in the sandy littoral zone of Lake Tegel (Berlin): Structure and dynamics of the biological active filter zone and clogging processes

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

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