Sand as a Soil Stabilizer

Kollaros, George; Athanasopoulou, Antonia

doi:10.12681/bgsg.11783

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The sand content of soils influences the structural stability in the infield soil. The presence of sand in the right quantity and size will create pore spaces and leave room for smaller particles such as silt and clay ( Kollaros & Athanasopoulou, 2017 ). Soil organic carbon is the main component of soil organic matter and becomes a crucial factor for ecosystem functions affecting soil fertility to support and sustain plant growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial habitat suitability prediction of essential oil wild plants on Indonesia’s degraded lands

Renjana,

Firdiana,

Angio

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Background Essential oils are natural products of aromatic plants with numerous uses. Essential oils have been traded worldwide and utilized in various industries. Indonesia is the sixth largest essential oil producing country, but land degradation is a risk to the continuing extraction and utilization of natural products. Production of essential oil plants on degraded lands is a potential strategy to mitigate this risk. This study aimed to identify degraded lands in Indonesia that could be suitable habitats for five wild native essential oil producing plants, namely Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq., Baeckea frutescens L., Cynometra cauliflora L., Magnolia montana (Blume) Figlar, and Magnolia sumatrana var. glauca (Blume) Figlar & Noot using various species distribution models. Methods The habitat suitability of these species was predicted by comparing ten species distribution models, including Bioclim, classification and regression trees (CART), flexible discriminant analysis (FDA), Maxlike, boosted regression trees (BRT), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), generalized linear models (GLM), Ranger, support vector machine (SVM), and Random Forests (RF). Bioclimatic, topographic and soil variables were used as the predictors of the model habitat suitability. The models were evaluated according to their AUC and TSS metrics. Model selection was based on ranking performance. The total suitable area for five native essential oil producing plants in Indonesia’s degraded lands was derived by overlaying the models with degraded land locations. Results The habitat suitability model for these species was well predicted with an AUC value >0.8 and a TSS value >0.7. The most important predictor variables affecting the habitat suitability of these species are mean temperature of wettest quarter, precipitation seasonality, precipitation of warmest quarter, precipitation of coldest quarter, cation exchange capacity, nitrogen, sand, and soil organic carbon. C. cauliflora has the largest predicted suitable area, followed by M. montana, B. frutescens, M. sumatrana var. glauca, and A. pedunculata. The overlapping area between predictive habitat suitability and degraded lands indicates that the majority of degraded lands in Indonesia’s forest areas are suitable for those species. Conclusion The degraded lands predicted as suitable habitats for five native essential oil producing plants were widely spread throughout Indonesia, mostly in its main islands. These findings can be used by the Indonesian Government for evaluating policies for degraded land utilization and restorations that can enhance the lands’ productivity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial habitat suitability prediction of essential oil wild plants on Indonesia’s degraded lands

Renjana,

Firdiana,

Angio

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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“…This soil suffers from the continuous swelling and contraction, and for this period, the engineering structures built upon it are damaged, as are road structures. [73], [74]. CKD can be added into weak soils to develop their inherent engineering properties, where CKD increase the subgrade soil texture, the shear strength and decrease the swell features [49].…”

Section: Soil Stabilization For Pavement Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Status of Scientific Research and Practical Techniques Related to Using Cement Kiln Dust to Stabilize Weak Soils

adda¹

2020

IJATCSE

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Urban expansion and industrial clusters have increased significantly, which requires unremitting efforts to dispose of solid waste for these activities, which create growing and dangerous environmental problems. Therefore, many companies and organizations have invented modern technology to deal with such problems. CKD is one of the widely used materials in soil stabilization, it also represents a significant cost-effective alternatives, where the conventional style of cementitious stabilizers (lime and cement) have adverse environmental effects throughout its production as well as high cost. This review summarized the new trends of both scientists and researchers about their attempt to find the ways to reuse and recycle these solid wastes in the industries again. From these solid waste, the CKD, which is producing as a by-products from the cement industry. In recent time, researchers began to investigate the using of such materials as chemical additives to pavement foundations for the purposes of subgrade construction failure prevention. These materials could be used as soil stabilizers. CKD has a good cementations property.

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“…In this process, different soils were used with various contents as shown in Table 2. Two mediums are usually used or found naturally in the ground, i.e., clay and sand, whereby sand acts as a stabilizer for natural weak clay/soils [24,25]. Sometimes a mix of these can be used for the construction of structures.…”

Section: Soil Properties and Bed Formation Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall Runoff Analysis and Sustainable Soil Bed Optimization Engineering Process: Application of an Advanced Decision-Making Technique

et al. 2019

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Sustainable engineering practices always provide an opportunity for engineers to produce long-term solutions. In the fields of construction and irrigation, soil bed formation symmetry is very important, especially in the case of its behavior with reference to water runoff, whether natural or artificial. In this study, different soil bed formations were tested with the help of advanced hydrology apparatus under severe rainfall conditions. A major focus was to observe the water retention and volume discharge with reference to soil combinations and slope level change. Furthermore, an advanced decision-making technique incorporating artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used to predict and explore the interrelationship behavior of different parameters. It was observed that ST-1 (100% clay) performed well as it tried to retain a large quantity of water (7.28 L/min), making it suitable for irrigation, while ST-2 (100% sand) performed better for structures, as sand tries to quickly drain water, thus retaining less water (0.16 L/min). Change of slope was also another factor; at a 3% slope level along with 100% clay, water resistance was higher as compared to sand. Soil type-3 (ST-3) helped in the retention of water even at a 3% soil bed slope. This study will help engineers and designers in the optimization of soil bed formation for construction and irrigation purposes.

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Sand as a Soil Stabilizer

Abstract: Clayey soils often exhibit undesirable engineering behaviour such as low strength, swelling and shrinkage characteristics etc. To improve these properties, the common method followed is stabilization. An

Cited by 13 publications

References 4 publications

Spatial habitat suitability prediction of essential oil wild plants on Indonesia’s degraded lands

Spatial habitat suitability prediction of essential oil wild plants on Indonesia’s degraded lands

A Review of the Status of Scientific Research and Practical Techniques Related to Using Cement Kiln Dust to Stabilize Weak Soils

Rainfall Runoff Analysis and Sustainable Soil Bed Optimization Engineering Process: Application of an Advanced Decision-Making Technique

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