Sampling strategies using the “accumulation chamber” for monitoring geological storage of CO2

Elío, Javier; Ortega, Marcelo F.; Chacón, E.; Mazadiego, Luis Felipe; Grandía, Fidel

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.04.006

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In general, potential leakage can be detected by a number of methodologies, including fluid geochemistry, geophysics and biotracers. One of the conventional techniques is the mapping of soil gas fluxes by using an accumulation chamber during the operational and closure stages, comparing the data with the background fluxes (baseline maps) . The combined results from modeling, experimental injection and natural system observations suggest that the detection of hot spots can be extremely difficult due to its small emission areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combined results from modeling, experimental injection and natural system observations suggest that the detection of hot spots can be extremely difficult due to its small emission areas. Normally, the extension to be monitored is of several km 2 and monitoring meshes draw distances between measurement stations around 50–100 m or more . Such distances are by far longer than the potential emission areas implying a high chance of no detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and numerical modeling of CO₂ leakage in the vadose zone

Gasparini

Crédoz²,

Grandía

et al. 2015

Greenhouse Gases

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This study presents the experimental and modeling results of CO2 injection and transport in the vadose zone performed in PISCO2 facilities at the ES.CO2 center in Ponferrada (North Spain). During 46 days of experiments, 62.10 kg of CO2 were injected through 16 micro‐injectors in a 35 m3 experimental unit filled with sandy material. Monitoring and mapping of surface CO2 flux were performed periodically to assess the evolution of CO2 migration through the soil and to the atmosphere. Numerical simulations were run using TOUGH2 code with EOS7CA research module considering two phases (gas and liquid) and three components (H2O, CO2, air). Two layers (sand, gravel) and atmosphere boundary were implemented taking into account heterogeneous soils, homogeneous soil, rainfall, temperature, and liquid saturation to allow a better understanding of CO2 behavior in the vadose zone. This combined experimental and modeling approach shows that CO2 leakage in the vadose zone quickly comes out through preferential migration pathways and spots with the ranges of fluxes in the ground/surface interface from 2.5 to 600 g·m−2·day−1. This gas channeling is mainly related to soil compaction and climatic perturbation. This has significant implications for design‐adapted detection and monitoring strategies of early leakage in commercial CO2 storage. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and numerical modeling of CO₂ leakage in the vadose zone

Gasparini

Crédoz²,

Grandía

et al. 2015

Greenhouse Gases

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“…As reported in Elío et al (2012), the protocol was including the following steps: (1) cleaning and removal of both the vegetal cover and the very first layer (about 2 cm) of the soil, (2) waiting (about 1 h) to prevent flux perturbation due to the soil removal and (3) measuring the CO 2 flux. The results from these two campaigns were used for the successive measurements to assess (i) the seasonal variability of CO 2 soil flux, (ii) evaluate the CO 2 output and (iii) define a CO 2 geochemical baseline.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 soil flux baseline at the technological development plant for CO2 injection at Hontomin (Burgos, Spain)

Elío

Nisi

Ortega

et al. 2013

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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a b s t r a c tFrom the end of 2013 and during the following two years, 20 kt of CO 2sc are planned to be injected in a saline reservoir (1500 m depth) at the Hontomín site (NE Spain). The target aquifers are Lower Jurassic limestone formations which are sealed by Lower Cretaceous clay units at the Hontomín site (NE Spain). The injection of CO 2 is part of the activities committed in the Technology Development phase of the EC-funded OXYCFB300 project (European Energy Program for Recovery -EEPR, http://www.compostillaproject.eu), which include CO 2 injection strategies, risk assessment, and testing and validating monitoring methodologies and techniques.Among the monitoring works, the project is intended to prove that present-day technology is able to monitor the evolution of injected CO 2 in the reservoir and to detect potential leakage. One of the techniques is the measurement of CO 2 flux at the soil-atmosphere interface, which includes campaigns before, during and after the injection operations.In this work soil CO 2 flux measurements in the vicinity of oil borehole, drilled in the eighties and named H-1 to H-4, and injection and monitoring wells were performed using an accumulation chamber equipped with an IR sensor. Seven surveys were carried out from November 2009 to summer 2011. More than 4000 measurements were used to determine the baseline flux of CO 2 and its seasonal variations.The measured values were low (from 5 to 13 g m −2 day −1 ) and few outliers were identified, mainly located close to the H-2 oil well. Nevertheless, these values cannot be associated to a deep source of CO 2 , being more likely related to biological processes, i.e. soil respiration. No anomalies were recognized close to the deep fault system (Ubierna Fault) detected by geophysical investigations. There, the CO 2 flux is indeed as low as other measurement stations. CO 2 fluxes appear to be controlled by the biological activity since the lowest values were recorded during autumn-winter seasons and they tend to increase in warm periods. Two reference CO 2 flux values (UCL 50 of 5 g m −2 d −1 for non-ploughed areas in autumn-winter seasons and 3.5 and 12 g m −2 d −1 for in ploughed and non-ploughed areas, respectively, in spring-summer time, and UCL 99 of 26 g m −2 d −1 for autumn-winter in not-ploughed areas and 34 and 42 g m −2 d −1 for spring-summer in ploughed and not-ploughed areas, respectively) were calculated. Fluxes higher than these reference values could be indicative of possible leakage during the operational and post-closure stages of the storage project.

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“…The lower part of an open chamber is placed in direct contact with the soil, previously cleaned following the process described in Elío et al (2012), allowing the accumulation of the soil gas inside the chamber itself. The soil gas is transferred with a pump to an infrared detector, which measures the concentration of carbon dioxide and then, is re-injected into the accumulation chamber to minimize the disturbance induced by the pumping effect.…”

Section: Measuring Co 2 Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the applicability of four different radon measurement techniques for monitoring CO2 storage sites

Elío

Ortega

Nisi

et al. 2015

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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Sampling strategies using the “accumulation chamber” for monitoring geological storage of CO2

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental and numerical modeling of CO₂ leakage in the vadose zone

Experimental and numerical modeling of CO₂ leakage in the vadose zone

CO2 soil flux baseline at the technological development plant for CO2 injection at Hontomin (Burgos, Spain)

Evaluation of the applicability of four different radon measurement techniques for monitoring CO2 storage sites

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Sampling strategies using the “accumulation chamber” for monitoring geological storage of CO2

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Experimental and numerical modeling of CO2 leakage in the vadose zone

Experimental and numerical modeling of CO2 leakage in the vadose zone

CO2 soil flux baseline at the technological development plant for CO2 injection at Hontomin (Burgos, Spain)

Evaluation of the applicability of four different radon measurement techniques for monitoring CO2 storage sites

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Experimental and numerical modeling of CO₂ leakage in the vadose zone

Experimental and numerical modeling of CO₂ leakage in the vadose zone