The SAGE Handbook of Online Research Methods 2008
DOI: 10.4135/9780857020055.n11
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Sampling Methods for Web and E-mail Surveys

Abstract: This chapter is a comprehensive overview of sampling methods for web and e-mail ('Internetbased') surveys. It reviews the various types of sampling method -both probability and nonprobability -and examines their applicability to Internet-based surveys. Issues related to Internetbased survey sampling are discussed, including difficulties assembling sampling frames for probability sampling, coverage issues, and nonresponse and selection bias. The implications of the various survey mode choices on statistical inf… Show more

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Cited by 263 publications
(188 citation statements)
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“…The response rates for the different participating countries are all situated between 10% and 20%. Although these response rates are rather low, they are not uncommon for web surveys (Fricker 2008;Muñoz-Leiva et al 2010;Smyth and Pearson 2011), especially among an over-surveyed group such as higher education students (Sax, Gilmartin, and Bryant 2003;Van Mol 2017). Students could complete the survey in three languages, namely Dutch, English or Spanish.…”
Section: Data Measures and Methods Samplementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The response rates for the different participating countries are all situated between 10% and 20%. Although these response rates are rather low, they are not uncommon for web surveys (Fricker 2008;Muñoz-Leiva et al 2010;Smyth and Pearson 2011), especially among an over-surveyed group such as higher education students (Sax, Gilmartin, and Bryant 2003;Van Mol 2017). Students could complete the survey in three languages, namely Dutch, English or Spanish.…”
Section: Data Measures and Methods Samplementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rather, responses from a non-probability sample such as the one adopted here can be still useful in developing hypothesis in exploratory research: according to Fricker Finally, good practice demands that to avoid response bias researchers should find out if respondents are different from non-respondents in some way that is relevant to the survey (Denscombe, 2010). However, it seems that there is no way to assess nonresponse bias in internet surveys due to lack of information about those that choose not to complete a survey (Fricker, 2008).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore a set of samples from this population is selected and survey is conducted only on these samples and infer the information about the population [4]. Questionnaire data has been preprocessed and analyzed using fuzzy association mining concepts in [9].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%