Sampling and Pretreatment of Soil before Enzyme Analysis

Lorenz, Nicola; Dick, Richard P.

doi:10.2136/sssabookser9.c5

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…All enzyme measurements were performed using frozen and thawed soil. Of note, freeze-thawing does not have major impact on soil enzyme activities ( 32 , 52 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-mineralizing Communities Reflect Nutrient-Rich Characteristics in Japanese Arable Andisols

et al. 2018

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Elucidating the soil phosphorus cycle driven by soil microbes is a vital question in soil microbial ecology. The Japanese arable Andisols, occupying half of the Japanese cropland, are known for their high phosphorus sorption capacity. However, limited information is currently available on microbially driven phosphorus mineralization in arable Andisols. We herein report that the phosphorus-mineralizing community in the Japanese arable Andisols showed characteristic distribution and composition patterns, from those in other types of soils. We performed a chemical analysis and microbial community analysis of 43 arable Andisols along the Japanese archipelago. Soil phosphomonoesterase activities measured at pH 11 were approximately 70% of those at pH 6.5, which indicates that alkaline phosphatase contributes to phosphorus cycling, although most soil samples were acidic. Functional gene predictions based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that the alkaline phosphatase gene phoD was more abundant than other alkaline phosphatase genes and, thus, plays major roles. Hence, amplicon sequencing targeting phoD was performed and the results obtained showed that alphaproteobacterial phoD was dominant. This is in contrast to previously reported phoD compositions in other soils and may be attributed to the nutrient conditions in arable Andisols, which favor copiotrophic Alphaproteobacteria. Furthermore, the composition of phoD correlated with soil pH and bioavailable phosphorus concentrations rather than carbon or nitrogen concentrations. These results were partly different from previous findings, varying in the soil types and geographic ranges of sampling sites. Collectively, the present results indicate that the phosphorus-mineralizing community in the Japanese arable Andisols is regulated differently from those in other soil types.

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“…All enzyme measurements were performed using frozen and thawed soil. Of note, freeze-thawing does not have major impact on soil enzyme activities ( 32 , 52 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-mineralizing Communities Reflect Nutrient-Rich Characteristics in Japanese Arable Andisols

et al. 2018

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“…Soil was collected with a shovel from a shallow (22 cm) hole by removing a 5 cm thick by 13 cm wide (approximately 1300 cm 3 across both depths) slice of soil trimming the edges to obtain a uniform amount of soil at each depth. This method is less disruptive than coring or auguring to better preserve soil aggregates (Lorenz and Dick, 2011). Soil was stored at 4 • C and within 48 h of collection, the field-moist soil was gently broken by hand to pass through an 8-mm sieve.…”

Section: Soil Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic carbon dynamics and soil stability in five semiarid agroecosystems

Fultz

Moore‐Kucera

Zobeck

et al. 2013

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

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a b s t r a c tInterest in integrated crop-livestock agroecosystems (ICL) has increased due to their versatility in management options, potential to offset increasing levels of atmospheric C and enhanced agronomic and ecosystem sustainability. Identifying agroecosystems that have the greatest potential for C sequestration requires an understanding of soil organic C distribution within aggregate fractions. Six soil aggregate C pools were physically isolated to evaluate the C sequestration potential of three ICLs and two continuous cotton (CTN) agroecosystems in the Texas High Plains. The proportions of the water stable aggregate fractions were used to calculate mean weight diameter, an indicator of soil stability In general, ICLs increased water stable macroaggregates providing a physical protective shell for SOC and increasing C sequestration potential. A strong correlation between SOC and mean weight diameter identified a critical SOC level of 5.5 Mg ha −1 for the greatest increases in mean weight diameter. Of the five agroecosystems evaluated, FRG RC and OWB BER ranked the highest in terms of mean weight diameter (130% larger), whole SOC (up to 45% more), and intra-aggregate microaggregate SOC (157% greater) relative to CTN production. Increased stability and reduced exposure of intra-aggregate fractions resulted in relatively greater intra-aggregate microaggregate SOC under perennial vegetation. The potential to serve as significant SOC accumulators may aid in offsetting increasing atmospheric C levels, and while specific to these semiarid soils, the identified critical SOC level can act as a target for producers to minimize and ultimately reverse soil degradation.

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“…O efeito da secagem do solo ao ar na atividade enzimática depende da enzima avaliada, das condições edafoclimáticas e até mesmo da época de coleta das amostras (Abellan et al,. 2011;Lorenz & Dick, 2011;Lopes et al, 2015). Em geral, a secagem ao ar tem seu maior impacto nos parâmetros associados com a população microbiana viável no solo, com menor efeito na fração catalítica estabilizada no complexo húmico-mineral (Lorenz & Dick, 2011).…”

Section: éPoca De Coleta E Pré-tratamento Do Solounclassified

“…2011;Lorenz & Dick, 2011;Lopes et al, 2015). Em geral, a secagem ao ar tem seu maior impacto nos parâmetros associados com a população microbiana viável no solo, com menor efeito na fração catalítica estabilizada no complexo húmico-mineral (Lorenz & Dick, 2011). Isso explica a redução de 42% observada na atividade da desidrogenase, que é uma enzima associada à fração viva do solo, fato também observado por Ross (1970) Desidrogenase -mg TPF kg -1 solo 24 h -1 ; Fosfatase Alcalina -µg de p-nitrofenol g -1 solo h -1 ; FDA -mg fluoresceína kg -1 solo 3 h -1 .…”

Section: éPoca De Coleta E Pré-tratamento Do Solounclassified

“…O pré-tratamento das amostras de solo para as análises de fertilidade inclui o peneiramento, em malha de 2 mm, e a secagem do solo ao ar (terra fina seca ao ar, TFSA). Vários trabalhos na literatura têm abordado as implicações do pré-tratamento e do armazenamento de amostras de solo para análises microbiológicas (Lorenz & Dick, 2011;Zornoza et al, 2006). No caso específico das enzimas do solo, alguns estudos mencionam reduções na atividade enzimática com a secagem (Abellan et al, 2011;Bandick & Dick, 1999;Lopes et al, 2015;Pancholy & Rice, 1972;Wallenius et al, 2010); outros mencionam aumentos (Bandick & Dick, 1999;Eivazi & Tabatabai, 1977;Eivazi & Tabatabai, 1990;Gianfreda & Bollag, 1996;Longo & Melo, 2005); e outros reportam a ausência de alterações (Zornoza et al, 2006) ou que os resultados são imprevisíveis (Rao et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avanços nos estudos de interpretação de indicadores microbiológicos nos latossolos argilosos de Cerrado

Souza¹

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Agradeço a Deus por me conceder tudo o que preciso e muito mais. Por estar sempre presente em nossas vidas, nos norteando, protegendo e abençoando em todos os momentos.Aos meus pais por todo amor, apoio, auxílio, paciência e dedicação.Agradeço, ainda, pela base familiar de compaixão, harmonia, perseverança e honestidade.Ao meu irmão, Lui, por ser o principal responsável pelo meu ingresso na Universidade. Nada do que conquistei seria possível sem seus conselhos e incentivos.À Fernanda Rodrigues pelo apoio incondicional, carinho, amor e dedicação, como namorada, amiga e companheira, por todos os momentos de paciência, zelo e alegria.Ao Comitê Orientador deste trabalho pela oportunidade oferecida, pela confiança depositada e por todo incentivo durante o trabalho. À Ieda de Carvalho Mendes pela condução desta tese. Obrigado por todas as orientações, por estar sempre presente e por toda a ajuda, sem a qual este trabalho não teria sido finalizado. Agradeço, também, pelo exemplo de dedicação e perseverança.Ao Djalma Martinhão pelas orientações, pelos conselhos e por toda dedicação para conclusão deste trabalho.Ao Fábio Bueno, em primeiro lugar, pela amizade e pelas horas de "terapia". Agradeço, também, pela orientação e paciência e pelos ensinamentos e conselhos. À Marilusa Lacerda pelas orientações, pelo carinho e por todo conhecimento transmitido desde a graduação.Ao colega André pela parceria e auxílio em todas as etapas deste trabalho.Além disso, agradeço pela amizade e companheirismo. À Eudaci por todo apoio laboratorial, obrigado por sua dedicação e afinco em todas as análises.v Ao Juaci Malaquias por todas as lições em estatística e pelo acompanhamento de todas as etapas da tese.

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Sampling and Pretreatment of Soil before Enzyme Analysis

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Phosphorus-mineralizing Communities Reflect Nutrient-Rich Characteristics in Japanese Arable Andisols

Phosphorus-mineralizing Communities Reflect Nutrient-Rich Characteristics in Japanese Arable Andisols

Organic carbon dynamics and soil stability in five semiarid agroecosystems

Avanços nos estudos de interpretação de indicadores microbiológicos nos latossolos argilosos de Cerrado

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