Sampling and Measurement of Ammonia at Animal Facilities

Ni, Ji‐Qin; Heber, Albert J.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(08)00204-6

Cited by 62 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 105 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years a set of techniques for NH 3 emission measurement in livestock facilities have been developed and validated in field conditions, even for facility case where existing NH 3 concentrations are low (DORE et al, 2004;NI & HEBER, 2008;SAMER et al, 2011SAMER et al, , 2012. Recent studies have suggested that to quantify facility emission, ventilation flow rate and air gas concentrations emitted through the air outlet openings must be known [eq.…”

Section: Nh 3 Emission Measurement In Naturally Ventilated Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Control of ammonia emissions in naturally ventilated dairy cattle facilities in Portugal

Pereira

Trindade

2014

Eng. Agríc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:We conducted a study of the processes associated to NH 3 emission in naturally ventilated dairy cattle facilities, having described factors that regulate NH 3 emission, as well as methodologies for measuring these emissions at these facilities. Appropriate techniques to mitigate NH 3 emission in facilities located in regions with warm climates were also identified. The most effective mitigation techniques with simple implementation include strategies associated to: (i) installation design and flooring, which lead to reduced emissions, (ii) excreta pre-excretion, namely the use of diets with optimized crude protein content and increased milk production at farm level; and (iii) excreta post-excretion, particularly by changing the conditions of environmental monitoring within the premises, practice introduction or additive application in the management of excreta deposited on floors.KEYWORDS: facilities, gases, methods, floors, mitigation techniques. CONTROLE DAS EMISSÕES DE AMONÍACO EM INSTALAÇÕES NATURALMENTE VENTILADAS PARA BOVINOS DE LEITE EM PORTUGALRESUMO: Efetuou-se um estudo sobre os processos associados à emissão de NH 3 em instalações naturalmente ventiladas para bovinos de leite, tendo sido descritos os fatores que regulam a emissão de NH 3 , assim como metodologias de medição destas emissões nestas instalações. Foram, também, identificadas técnicas adequadas de mitigação da emissão de NH 3 em instalações localizadas em regiões com climas quentes. As técnicas de mitigação mais eficazes e de implementação simples incluem estratégias associadas: (i) ao projeto das instalações e pavimentos que conduzam a emissões reduzidas; (ii) à pré-excreção das dejeções, nomeadamente a utilização de dietas com teor otimizado de proteína bruta e o aumento da produção de leite ao nível da exploração; e (iii) à pós-excreção das dejeções, sobretudo pela alteração das condições de controlo ambiental no interior das instalações, introdução de práticas ou aplicação de aditivos no manejo das dejeções depositadas sobre os pavimentos.

show abstract

Section: Nh 3 Emission Measurement In Naturally Ventilated Facilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NH 3 emission quantifications also been made by using various configurations of sampling flow passive devices, which are based on measuring NH 3 flow in emission sources, for example in livestock facilities with natural ventilation (DORE et al, 2004;PEREIRA et al, 2010) and parks and other outdoor areas NI & HEBER, 2008).…”

Section: Nh 3 Flow Quantificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of ammonia emissions in naturally ventilated dairy cattle facilities in Portugal

Pereira

Trindade

2014

Eng. Agríc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…NH 3 concentrations in air were determined using a chemiluminiscence analyzer, with a precision of 1% of the reading (Ni and Heber, 2008). Airflow rates were measured using a fanwheel anemometer installed in the farm exhaust.…”

Section: Modelling Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty analysis in MCNP5 calculations for brachytherapy treatment

Gerardy

Ródenas

Gallardo

2011

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biological scrubbers aim at reducing gaseous ammonia emissions by transferring it to a water phase followed by conversion to nitrite and nitrate. A small part of the removed nitrogen may be emitted as N 2 and N 2 O produced as a result of denitrification processes. Due to the large greenhouse warming potential of N 2 O, even a small emission could be a point of concern. Determining these N losses in form of N 2 and N 2 O via nitrogen balance is an alternative, but little is known about the uncertainty associated to this method. The main aim of this work was to develop an uncertainty model that evaluated N-balances in biological scrubbers in terms of result uncertainty. Secondary objectives were to provide a methodology to determine individual uncertainties involved, and to conduct a sensitivity analysis to identify the main contributors to the final uncertainty. For a defined scenario (biotrickling scrubber, 70% NH 3 removal; 5% of inlet N-NH 3 lost as N 2 and N 2 O), the standard uncertainty expressed in relative terms of the average was 132% (released N in form of N 2 and N 2 O). Main contributors to the final uncertainty were airflow rate and water volume in the scrubber basin. Uncertainty of the measurements of gaseous NH 3 concentrations and N compounds in water had a reduced effect on the final uncertainty. Based on these results, N balances are not recommended to evaluate N 2 and N 2 O formation in biological scrubbers, at least for the conditions considered in this work.

show abstract

“…Common ammonia absorption solutions are boric acid [9], orthophosphoric acid [10], sulfuric acid [11][12] and oxalic acid [13]. Indoor analysis methods include titration, conductivity method, colorimety method [14]. The factors that affect the volatilization of ammonia are more, which increases the uncertainty and complexity of ammonia volatilization measurement.…”

Section: Introduction Ammonia (Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%