Sampling and analytical methods for the determination of copper, cadmium, zinc, and nickel at the nanogram per liter level in sea water

Bruland, Kenneth W.; Franks, Robert P.; Knauer, George A.; Martin, John H.

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(01)83754-5

Cited by 712 publications

(357 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

334

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…LANDING and BRULAND, 1981) and were eventually published (GORDON, MARTIN and KNAUER, 1982;LANDING, 1983;LANDING and BRULAND, 1987). The rigorously ultraclean methodology developed at the same laboratories (BRULAND, FRANKS, KNAUER and MARTIN, 1979) was successful for Fe as well. The review of BRULAND (1983) was in time to mention the first of these reliable findings, including concentrations of about 1.5nM for the central Arctic Ocean (MOORE, 1983).…”

Section: Iron Limitation and The Law Of The Minimummentioning

confidence: 99%

von Liebig's law of the minimum and plankton ecology (1899–1991)

Baar

1994

Progress in Oceanography

232

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The Law of the Minimum was originally formulated by Justus yon Liebig, as one of the 50 interlinked laws concerned with agriculture. The original writings ofJ. von Liebig often were misinterpreted by his successors. BRAt, rOT (1899) took this one law out of its context and proposed that limitation by nitrogen is a dominant factor in plankton ecology, far beyond its original application to agriculture. This was opposed by NAmANSOrn~ (1908) who suggested instead a dynamic balance of growth and loss terms. Towards validating, or eventually falsifying Brandt's hypothesis, Atkins, Harvey, Cooper and others developed the chemical methods necessary for re-defining ocean nutrient cycling and growth limitation. The major exception to these modem perspectives was the Antarctic Paradox of higla nutrients and low chlorophyll which inspired Gran, Atkins, Harvey and Cooper to pioneer the concept of iron limitation. An exhaustive overview is given of efforts to define Fe in seawater and its controlling effect on in situ plankton growth, for the 1920-1984 period. Somewhat parallel work in the laboratory on single species of algae in chelation-controlled mediahas provided much insight, but is sketched only briefly. Martin and contemporaries developed the chemical methods necessary for defming the ocean chemistry of Fe and its role for in situ growth. These developments are sketched for the 1982-1991 period. Once again the Law of the Minimum and associated bold hypotheses served, albeit briefly, to bring a nutrient element in the forefront of research. This, and the recent awareness of CO 2 as rate limiting factor, underline the conclusion that advances in sciences often hinge on advances in technology, confirming Kta-~ (1962). In this case the new analytical techniques developed by Atkins, Harvey, Cooper, Martin and their associates have proven revolutionary for plankton ecology. Some observations in plankton ecology may be reminiscent of the agricultural Law of the Minimum, but this would not warrant its direct application, beyond its original context and agriculture, to plankton ecology. Rather the net rate of increase ofphytoplankton is the dynamic balance of multiple growth and loss terms, together also determining the biomass at given time and space. 347

show abstract

Section: Iron Limitation and The Law Of The Minimummentioning

confidence: 99%

von Liebig's law of the minimum and plankton ecology (1899–1991)

Baar

1994

Progress in Oceanography

232

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While useful for determining the abundance of the organic species, these methods are not sufficiently complete to supply information concerning their natures. 4.1 Chromium, germanium and iodine Nakayama et al reported that organic chromium accounts for 60% of total Cr.12 This was, however, caused by the contamination from reagents used for digestion.…”

Section: Organic Species Of Trace Elements In Seawatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 In their work most of the samples were taken with Go-Flo (General Oceanics), a Teflon-coated 30-1 ball-valve sampler made of polyvinyl chloride.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Analyses of Seawater for Trace Elements Recent Progress in Japan on Clean Sampling and Chemical Speciation of Trace Elements A Review

et al. 1989

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Early trace metal research was hampered by the inability to collect, store, and analyze water samples without severe contamination and, therefore, much of the pre-1975 literature is erroneous (Bruland 1983). The revolution in marine trace metal research has come from two fundamental advances.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, techniques were developed which led to the elimination and control of contamination during sampling, storage, and analysis (Patterson and Settle 1976;Martin et al 1976). Second, advances were made in analytical chemistry, primarily, the Preconcentration techniques necessary for the measurement of low ambient metal levels (Bruland et al 1979).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A rosette system for the collection of trace metal clean seawater

Hunter

Gordon

Fitzwater

et al. 1996

Limnology & Oceanography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-We designed a large-volume rosette sampler for collecting seawater with minimal trace metal contamination. The system uses eight modified 30-liter Go-Flo bottles secured to a Nylon II-coated stainless steel frame. The instrument is deployed with a dedicated winch with polyurethane-coated, three-conductor Kevlar hydroline. A prototype was used as part of the U.S. JGOFS Equatorial Pacific sampling program during spring and fall 1992. A redesigned model was used during the 1993 IronEx experiments and is currently being deployed in the Arabian Sea. The results of trace metal analyses collected on these cruises indicate that samples recovered are comparable to current single Go-Flo casts.

show abstract

Sampling and analytical methods for the determination of copper, cadmium, zinc, and nickel at the nanogram per liter level in sea water

Cited by 712 publications

References 13 publications

von Liebig's law of the minimum and plankton ecology (1899–1991)

von Liebig's law of the minimum and plankton ecology (1899–1991)

Chemical Analyses of Seawater for Trace Elements Recent Progress in Japan on Clean Sampling and Chemical Speciation of Trace Elements A Review

A rosette system for the collection of trace metal clean seawater

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About