Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error

Heckman, James J.

doi:10.2307/1912352

Cited by 22,658 publications

(16,040 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Under joint normality, the bias of our intensity estimate can be corrected by jointly estimating equations (2) and (1) using a maximum likelihood estimator (Heckman 1979). In fact, as we will see below, the evidence is that this bias is not significant, and the naive estimates are extremely close to the corrected estimates.…”

Section: Econometric Specificationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Cost versus control: Understanding ownership through outsourcing in hospitals

Dalton

Warren

2016

Journal of Health Economics

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For-profit hospitals in California contract out services much more intensely than either private nonprofit or public hospitals. To explain why, we build a model in which the outsourcing decision is a trade-off between net revenues and some non-monetary benefit to the manager, or "bias" in the manner of production. Since nonprofit firms must consume profits under restrictions, they trade off bias and income differently than forprofit firms. This difference is exaggerated in services where the benefits of controlling the details of production are particularly important but minimized when firms are hit with a fixed-cost shock. We test these predictions in a panel of California hospitals, finding evidence for each. These results suggest that a model of public or nonprofit make-or-buy decisions should be more than a simple relabeling of a model derived in the for-profit context. JEL Classification: I11, L24, L33

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Section: Econometric Specificationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Cost versus control: Understanding ownership through outsourcing in hospitals

Dalton

Warren

2016

Journal of Health Economics

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“…Beginning in the late 1970s (Greene, 1981;Heckman, 1976Heckman, , 1978Heckman, , 1979, methods for detecting and statistically correcting selection bias were developed in economics and related areas. In the decades since, as noted by Cuddleback and colleagues (2004), an extensive literature has evolved in the area of sample selection bias (Berk, 1983;Stolzenberg & Relles, 1997).…”

Section: A C C E P T E D Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web based health surveys: Using a Two Step Heckman model to examine their potential for population health analysis

Morrissey

Kinderman

Pontin

et al. 2016

Social Science & Medicine

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“… 15

A firm might have invested in clarifying a potential adoption and finally did not do it, since the adoption project failed.

Moreover, we have an interest in the parameters of the selection equation and of the intensity equation. Hence, we apply a sample selection estimator which is formulated according to Heckman (1979) and Amemiya (1985). …”

Section: Econometric Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since we cannot be sure that this is the case, we follow the Heckman (1979) procedure, which allows us to estimate …”

Section: Econometric Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adoption of green energy technologies: The role of policies in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland

Woerter

Stucki

Arvanitis

et al. 2017

International Journal of Green Energy

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We contribute to the existing research about policy-induced technology adoption in several ways. First, we suggest a new survey design to measure the energy-related policy environment. Second, we simultaneously estimate the policy effects for the adoption propensity and the adoption intensity simultaneously and, third, we compare the policy effects in the three countries, Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Based on a representative sample of firms for all three countries we find that policies essentially promote the adoption of technologies and they are practically ineffective for the intensity, which poses a great challenge to future policy designs. Voluntary agreements or demand-related factors are among the most important drivers for the adoption propensity of green energy technologies. Given the current institutional framework in the surveyed countries, subsidies are more effective in Austria, taxes are more effective in Germany, and demand-related factors are relatively more effective in Switzerland.

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Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error

Cited by 22,658 publications

References 9 publications

Cost versus control: Understanding ownership through outsourcing in hospitals

Cost versus control: Understanding ownership through outsourcing in hospitals

Web based health surveys: Using a Two Step Heckman model to examine their potential for population health analysis

The adoption of green energy technologies: The role of policies in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland

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