Same-Sex Behavior and High Rates of HIV Among Men Attending Sexually Transmitted Infection Clinics in Pune, India (1993-2002)

Abstract

Same-sex and high-risk sexual behaviors are prevalent among men attending STI clinics in India. Although syphilis and GUD rates decreased, HIV prevalence remained high during the decade, highlighting the importance of additional targeted efforts to reduce HIV risk among all men, including MSM, in India.

A retrospective study on status of CD4 counts and effect of ART in patients attending VCTC of MGM Hospital, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India

“…Our finding was in agreement with the result of previous reports [9,14]. This finding indicated that the treatment was effective.…”

“…According to [9], the slope of CD4 cell count increases over 72 weeks in 101 subjects with frequent CD4 cell count and successful virological responses to ART to estimate more precisely the time point soon after ART initiation that best delineates this change in the slope of CD4 cell count measurement. But they found a significant (p < 0.001) reduction in the slope of the initial CD4 increase, which was apparent at week 8 and 12.…”

Predictors of Bisexual Behaviour among MSM Attending Intervention Sites May Help in Prevention Interventions for This Bridge to the Heterosexual Epidemic in India: Data from HIV Sentinel Surveillance

“…Thus, many MSM irrespective of the way they identify themselves in terms of sexual behaviour or gender are likely to be married [12]. Data from the early years of the Indian epidemic showed that among male STI clinic attendees in Pune (1993–2002), 6.6% reported having sex with men of whom 35.7% were married [13]. Studies from different parts of India with varying sampling techniques have reported that between 11–60% of MSM were married [9], [10], [13]–[17].…”

“…Data from the early years of the Indian epidemic showed that among male STI clinic attendees in Pune (1993–2002), 6.6% reported having sex with men of whom 35.7% were married [13]. Studies from different parts of India with varying sampling techniques have reported that between 11–60% of MSM were married [9], [10], [13]–[17]. Additionally, many authors hypothesize that since ‘married MSM’ are perceived as heterosexuals, they may be isolated from other MSM and therefore less likely to receive prevention intervention in community based settings [14].…”

Immune reconstitution under antiretroviral therapy: the new challenge in HIV-1 infection

“…[7][8][9][10] Bosch et al have estimated this first phase to last for exactly 10 weeks. 11 Most of this initial reconstitution seems to be the consequence of a redistribution of memory CD4 ϩ T cells 12 from the lymphoid tissues toward the blood compartment. The decrease in immune activation induced by the inhibition of viral replication results in a down-regulation of adhesion molecules at the surface of CD4 ϩ T cells, including vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1).…”