Sambungmacan 3 and cranial variation in Asian Homo erectus

Antón, Susan C.; Márquez, Samuel; Mowbray, Kenneth

doi:10.1006/jhev.2002.0577

Cited by 14 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Recent studies of cranial morphology strongly suggest that Javanese H. erectus during and after the late Early Pleistocene formed a continuously evolving population lineage that was effectively independent of the H. erectus populations of northern China (Antón, 2002;Baba et al, 2003;Durband et al, 2005). If crown size reduction was a continuing trend in later Javanese H. erectus during the Middle/Late Pleistocene, like in those cases recognized in various regional groups of archaic Homo in Africa, Europe, and China (Zhang, 1991;Bermúdez de Castro and Nicolas, 1995;Bräuer and Schúltz, 1996;Kaifu et al, 2005b), it is likely that Javanese H. erectus was not ancestral to Australian Aborigines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced dental reduction in Javanese Homo erectus

Kaifu

2006

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The postcanine tooth crowns of late Early Pleistocene Homo erectus from Sangiran, Java, have been considered to be significantly smaller than those of older H. erectus remains of the same region. In this study, the degree of dental reduction in the former was examined by comparing their postcanine crown size with that of various regional groups of recent H. sapiens. The results show that overall crown size and degree of posterior molar reduction of Javanese H. erectus of the late Early Pleistocene was within the range of variation of recent H. sapiens. The position of this H. erectus group in the general trend of dental reduction in Early to Middle Pleistocene Asian archaic Homo is discussed. Implications for the phylogenetic discontinuity hypothesis between H. erectus and H. sapiens in Australasia are presented. In contrast to their reduced crown size, the Javanese H. erectus remains exhibit robust root systems, presumably a primitive retention. This observation indicates that reduction in crown size preceded reduction of the roots during evolution of Homo, at least in the Sunda region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced dental reduction in Javanese Homo erectus

Kaifu

2006

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“…The composition of Homo erectus is a controversial issue (e.g., Aguirre and de Lumley, 1977). In addition, some researchers have recently argued that the Zhoukoudian H. erectus crania are more derived than those from Indonesia or Africa (Antón, 2002;Kidder and Durband, 2004); potentially, this could apply to their teeth as well. Whatever the influence of our different H. erectus samples on P4 morphology, we also used Australopithecus and early Homo to help determine the polarity of P4 crown asymmetry.…”

Section: P4s External Contour: Asymmetry Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hominin lower second premolar morphology: evolutionary inferences through geometric morphometric analysis

Martinón‐Torres

Bastir

Castro

et al. 2006

Journal of Human Evolution

148

110

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Mandibular premolars are increasingly used in taxon-specific diagnostic analyses of hominins. Among the principal difficulties in these evaluations is the absence of discrete, discernible, and comparable anatomical structures for rigorous quantitative assessment. Previous research has addressed either internal crown surface features (such as cusps and fossae) or the morphology of the crown outline. In the present paper, we integrate both types of information in the examination of morphological variation of lower P4s (n ¼ 96) among various fossil hominin species with an emphasis on genus Homo. We use a set of 34 2D landmarks combining coordinate data from four classical dental landmarks on the occlusal surface and 30 sliding semilandmarks of the crown outline. Our results indicate that external shape variation is closely related to the configuration of the occlusal morphological features and influenced by dental size. The external and internal shapes of P4 are polymorphic but still useful in depicting a primitive-derived gradient. The primitive pattern seems to have been an asymmetrical contour with a mesially displaced metaconid, development of a bulging talonid, and a broad occlusal polygon. The trend toward dental reduction during the Pleistocene produced different morphological variants with a reduced occlusal polygon and decreased lingual occlusal surface in later Homo species. Homo heidelbergensis/neanderthalensis have fixed plesiomorphic traits in high percentages, whereas in modern humans a symmetrical outline with a centered metaconid and talonid reduction evolved.

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“…The cranium was identified as H. erectus, but considered as more primitive than those from Zhoukoudian near Beijing and Trinil in Java (Woo, 1965). Its cranial capacity (780 cm 3 ) is almost identical to that of specimen D2880 (775 cm 3 ) from Dmanisi, Georgia (Gabunia et al, 2000;Rightmire et al, 2006), and is smaller than those from younger Chinese Middle Pleistocene adult hominins (Anton, 2002). Wu and Poirier (1995) and Schwartz and Tattersall (2003) provide detailed summaries.…”

Section: The Gongwangling Craniummentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Wu and Poirier (1995) and Schwartz and Tattersall (2003) provide detailed summaries. Although mentioned in various publications on Early Pleistocene hominin morphology (e.g., Anton, 2002), it is often overlooked and further detailed examination in the light of recent discoveries from Dmanisi (Gabunia et al, 2000;Lordkipanidze et al, 2013) and Sangiran (Zaim et al, 2011) would be advantageous. Because Gongwangling lies in the southern part of the Loess Plateau, the main means of dating the hominin cranium and other evidence is by a combination of palaeomagnetism and correlations with loess and palaeosol sequences at other sections in the Chinese Loess Plateau.…”

Section: The Gongwangling Craniummentioning

confidence: 99%