Samarium–neodymium isotope systematics of hydrothermal calcites from the Xikuangshan antimony deposit (Hunan, China): the potential of calcite as a geochronometer

Peng, Jiantang; Hu, Ruizhong; Burnard, Pete

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(03)00187-6

Cited by 119 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The faults can be divided into four major trends oriented NNE, WNW, NNW and EN, respectively. The basal tectonic frame in the region was formed in the Yanshanian orogeny (190-65 Ma) , an important tectonic event in China (Hu et al, 2002(Hu et al, , 2007aPeng et al, 2003a;Su et al, 2009), with widespread tectonism and magmatism that led to large-scale metal mineralization including W, Sn, Pb, Zn, Nb and Ta in SE China and Au, Sb, As, Tl and Hg in SW China (Chen, 1992;Hu et al, 2007a). The exposed country rocks mainly consist of Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous and Permian strata.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, carbonate shows LREE-enriched, low Sm/Nd ratio and in narrow range (0.1-0.3) (Graf, 1984). Nevertheless, a few calcites show MREE-and HREE-enriched, higher Sm/ Nd ratio and wider range (0.1-9) (Peng et al, 2003a;Uysal et al, 2007;Su et al, 2009). Hu et al, 2002 andDai, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The belt contains approximately 500 deposits and occurrences, accounting for about 83% of the total antimony reserves of China (Xiao et al, 1992). The Xikuangshan deposit, located in the center of the belt is the largest antimony deposit in the world (Peng et al, 2003a). The belt also contains major deposits or ore fields at Muli, Qinglong, Dachang and Dushan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, hydrothermal minerals such as fluorite, scheelite, tourmaline and calcite have been successfully used to determine Sm-Nd ages for gold (Bell et al, 1989;Anglin et al, 1996;Turner et al, 2003;Roberts et al, 2006;Su et al, 2009), tungsten (Darbyshire et al, 1996;Eichhorn et al, 1997), antimony (Peng et al, 2003a(Peng et al, , 2003b, other hydrothermal deposits (Halliday et al, 1990;Chesley et al, 1991Chesley et al, , 1994Jiang et al, 2000) and fluid-flow event (Uysal et al, 2007). These minerals are ideal for Sm-Nd dating because they usually contain high amounts of Sm and Nd, and display enrichment of MREE and HREE, corresponding to a large variation in Sm/Nd ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sb-rich sedimentary rocks and metasedimentary rocks from Precambrian and palaeozoic constitute a possible source of Sb (Peng et al, 2003a;Fan et al, 2004;Peng and Frei, 2004 The Banian sediment-hosted antimony deposit is a medium-sized deposit located in the Dushan County, South Guizhou, China. Calcite is the dominant gangue mineral and can be divided into two types: white and pink.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sm-Nd geochronology, REE geochemistry and C and O isotope characteristics of calcites and stibnites from the Banian antimony deposit, Guizhou Province, China

et al. 2012

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2001), a full understanding of the geodynamical setting, fluid evolution, and genesis of the epithermal antimony mineralization has been seriously hampered. Similar to other epithermal deposits (including Au, Hg, As and Tl) in southwestern China, the ore-forming ages of antimony deposits are poorly constrained due to the absence of minerals suitable for isotopic dating and the absence of ore-related intrusions in or near these deposits.According to mineral composition of ores and genesis, antimony deposits are subdivided into epithermal (e.g., Xikuangshan and Qinglong, China; Ashat, Roundnjany) and metamorphogene-hydrothermal (Woxi, China; La Lucette, France; Gravelot, South Africa) (Obolensky et al., 2007), and they are usually hosted within black shales or limestones (Williams-Jones and Norman, 1997;An and Zhu, 2010). The Sb-rich sedimentary rocks and metasedimentary rocks from Precambrian and palaeozoic constitute a possible source of Sb (Peng et al., 2003a;Fan et al., 2004;Peng and Frei, 2004 The Banian sediment-hosted antimony deposit is a medium-sized deposit located in the Dushan County, South Guizhou, China. Calcite is the dominant gangue mineral and can be divided into two types: white and pink. Pink calcite is intimately associated with mineralization. Sm-Nd dating of five white calcites yield an isochron age of 128.2 ± 3.2 Ma, with initial ε Nd = -4.3 and MSWD = 0.54, while six pink calcites yield an identical age of 126.4 ± 2.7 Ma with initial ε Nd = -6.0 and MSWD = 0.68. These new age constraints suggest that the Banian deposit formed during the late Yanshanian.Negative initial ε Nd values, C (-0.5 to -1.8), O (12.5 to 14.6) isotopic characteristics of calcites, and field observations of abundance of vuggy open spaces, all suggest significant interaction between fluid and wall rocks. Calcites are characterized by strongly LREE-depleted and MREE-and HREE-enriched (LREE/HREE = 0.11-0.61). Stibnites are LREEenriched, and MREE-and HREE-depleted (LREE/HREE = 105-500). Wall rocks are characterized by moderate LREEenriched (LREE/HREE = 6.2-12). Pink calcites are more enriched in LREE (LREE/HREE = 0.11-0.61) than white calcites (LREE/HREE = 0.11-0.23), while the concentration of HREE remains nearly constant in both. The high contents of Fe and Mn in calcites and the negative correlation between Fe+Mn (ppm) and LREE/HREE ratios suggest that the Fe-Mn impurities in calcites may dominate the enrichment of MREE and HREE in calcites from the Banian deposit.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%