Samarium doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles as theranostic agents in radiation therapy

Nakayama, Masao; Smith, Charmaine; Feltis, Bryce; Piva, Terrence J.; Tabatabaie, Farnaz; Harty, P. D.; Gagliardi, Frank; Platts, Kirsten; Otto, Sarah; Blencowe, Anton; Morita, Kyoji; Geso, Moshi

doi:10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.06.007

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These results are in good agreement with other similar studies regarding the potential antimicrobial activity of samarium ions or samarium based composites [27,29,[53][54][55][56][57][58]. Moreover, the quantitative assays were in good agreement with the results obtained in the qualitative studies performed on 5Sm-HAp suspension, target and coatings.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Antimicrobial Properties of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite Suspensions and Coatings

et al. 2020

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Post-implant infections are a major health problem, and it is well-known that treating them with conventional drugs is accompanied by many disadvantages. The development of new biomaterials with enhanced antimicrobial properties are of major interest for the scientific world. The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize hydroxyapatite doped with Samarium (Ca10−xSmx(PO4)6(OH)2, xSm = 0.05, 5Sm-HAp) suspensions, pellets and coatings. The 5Sm-HAp coatings on Si substrates were obtained by rf magnetron sputtering technique. The different techniques such as ultrasound measurements, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy (GDOES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to examine the obtained coatings. The results showed that the doped Sm ions entered the structure of hydroxyapatite successfully and Sm ions was uniformly doped onto the surface of the support. The depth profile curves of Ca, P, O, H, Ce and Si elements exhibit their presence from a surface to substrate interface as function of sputtering time. XPS analysis indicated as calcium-phosphate structures enriched in Sm3+ ions. Furthermore, the antimicrobial properties of the 5Sm-HAp suspensions, targets and coatings were assessed against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The results of the antimicrobial assays highlighted that that the samples presented a strong antimicrobial activity against the tested microbial strains. The results showed that the coatings after 48 h of incubation inhibited the growth of all tested microbial strains under the value of 0.6 Log CFU/mL. This study shows that the 5Sm-HAp samples are good candidates for the development of new antimicrobial agents.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Antimicrobial Properties of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite Suspensions and Coatings

et al. 2020

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“…Recently, it has been observed that the interest of researchers in the use of lanthanides in biomedical applications is increasing. Therefore, in their studies, Nakayama, et al [17] showed that the smarium doped TiO 2 nanoparticles could improve the radiosensitising effects and could be used as theranostic agents in radiation therapy. In addition, Zhang et al [18] showed that mesoporous bioactive glass microspheres doped with small amounts of samarium of could be used as a delivery system for doxorubicin in the treatment of bone cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Chemical Properties and In Vitro Antifungal Evaluation of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings

et al. 2020

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Hydroxyapatite (HAp) and samarium doped hydroxyapatite, Ca10−xSmx(PO4)6(OH)2, xSm = 0.05, (5SmHAp), coatings were prepared by sol-gel process using the dip coating method. The stability of 5SmHAp suspension was evaluated by ultrasound measurements. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to examine the optical characteristics of HAp and 5SmHAp nanoparticles in suspension and coatings. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of the functional groups specific to the structure of hydroxyapatite in the 5SmHAp suspensions and coatings. The morphology of 5SmHAp nanoparticles in suspension was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Moreover, scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the morphology of nanoparticle in suspension and the morphology of the surface on the coating. The SEM and TEM studies on 5SmHAp nanoparticles in suspension showed that our samples consist of nanometric particles with elongated morphology. The SEM micrographs of HAp and 5SmHAp coatings pointed out that the coatings are continuous and homogeneous. The surface morphology of the 5SmHAp coatings was also assessed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) studies. The AFM results emphasized that the coatings presented the morphology of a uniformly deposited layer with no cracks and fissures. The crystal structure of 5SmHAp coating was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface composition of 5SmHAp coating was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XRD and XPS analysis shown that the Sm3+ ions have been incorporated into the 5SmHAp synthesized material. The antifungal properties of the 5SmHAp suspensions and coatings were studied using Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (C. albicans) fungal strains. The quantitative results of the antifungal assay showed that colony forming unity development was inhibited from the early phase of adherence in the case of both suspensions and coatings. Furthermore, the adhesion, cell proliferation and biofilm formation of the C. albicans were also investigated by AFM, SEM and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) techniques. The results highlighted that the C. albicans adhesion and cell development was inhibited by the 5SmHAp coatings. Moreover, the data also revealed that the 5SmHAp coatings were effective in stopping the biofilm formation on their surface. The toxicity of the 5SmHap was also investigated in vitro using HeLa cell line.

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“…This is a remarkable finding and added to the benefit of 153 Sm as a CT contrast agent. A study by Nakayama et al [ 26 ] confirmed that the CT numbers of samarium doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles were significantly higher than those without samarium due to its high atomic number (Z).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficacy and Imaging Capabilities of 153Sm2O3-Loaded Polystyrene Microspheres for Intra-Tumoural Radionuclide Therapy of Liver Cancer Using Sprague-Dawley Rat Model

et al. 2023

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Introduction: Neutron-activated samarium-153-oxide-loaded polystyrene ([153Sm]Sm2O3-PS) microspheres has been developed in previous study as a potential theranostic agent for hepatic radioembolization. In this study, the therapeutic efficacy and diagnostic imaging capabilities of the formulation was assessed using liver cancer Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model. Methods: Twelve male SD rats (150–200 g) that implanted with N1-S1 hepatoma cell line orthotopically were divided into two groups (study versus control) to monitor the tumour growth along 60 days of treatment. The study group received an intra-tumoural injection of approximately 37 MBq of [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres, while control group received an intra-tumoural injection of 0.1 mL of saline solution. A clinical single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) system was used to scan the rats at Day 5 post-injection to investigate the diagnostic imaging capabilities of the microspheres. All rats were monitored for change in tumour volume using a portable ultrasound system throughout the study period. Histopathological examination (HPE) was performed after the rats were euthanized at Day 60. Results: At Day 60, no tumour was observed on the ultrasound images of all rats in the study group. In contrast, the tumour volumes in the control group were 24-fold larger compared to baseline. Statistically significant difference was observed in tumour volumes between the study and control groups (p < 0.05). The SPECT/CT images clearly displayed the location of [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS in the liver tumour of all rats at Day 5 post-injection. Additionally, the [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres was visible on the CT images and this has added to the benefits of 153Sm as a CT contrast agent. The HPE results showed that the [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres remained concentrated at the injection site with no tumour cells observed in the study group. Conclusions: Neutron-activated [153Sm]Sm2O3-PS microspheres demonstrated excellent therapeutic and diagnostic imaging capabilities for theranostic treatment of liver cancer in a SD rat model. Further studies with different animal and tumour models are planned to validate this finding.

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Samarium doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles as theranostic agents in radiation therapy

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Antimicrobial Properties of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite Suspensions and Coatings

Antimicrobial Properties of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite Suspensions and Coatings

Physico-Chemical Properties and In Vitro Antifungal Evaluation of Samarium Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings

Evaluation of Therapeutic Efficacy and Imaging Capabilities of 153Sm2O3-Loaded Polystyrene Microspheres for Intra-Tumoural Radionuclide Therapy of Liver Cancer Using Sprague-Dawley Rat Model

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