Samarium-146 in the Early Solar System: Evidence from Neodymium in the Allende Meteorite

Lugmair, G. W.; Shimamura, Tadashi; Lewis, R. S.; Anders, Edward

doi:10.1126/science.222.4627.1015

Cited by 134 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…3). Especially, the granitic gneiss shows a characteristic of Na-rich (Makishima et al, 1987) and 143 Nd/ 144 Nd = 0.511858 for La Jolla Nd standard (Lugmair et al, 1983). 1) The Nd isotope data were already reported from Lee et al (1992 (Shimizu et al, 1984(Shimizu et al, , 1988 (Wasserburg et al, 1981).…”

Section: Major and Ree Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 62%

Crustal evolution history of Korean Peninsula in East Asia: The significance of Nd, Ce isotopic and REE data from the Korean Precambrian gneisses.

et al. 2001

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The Precambrian basement of the Korean Peninsula, located at the east margin of Asian continent, consists of the Nangrim Massif, the Gyeonggi Massif and the Sobaegsan (Yeongnam) Massif. Two kinds of orthogneisses (biotite gneiss and granitic gneiss) from the central part of the Sobaegsan Massif show the particular difference in geochemical features suggesting the discrimination in formation history. The biotite gneisses give an Sm-Nd whole rock isochron age of 819 ± 114 Ma (2σ) with ε Nd (0.82 Ga) = -15, and the granitic gneisses give an age of 1484 ± 810 Ma (2σ) with ε Nd (1.48 Ga) = +7. The ε Nd and ε Ce values for the granitic gneisses show characteristics of highly depleted mantle material and those of the biotite gneisses show their sources having light-REE enriched continental-like feature. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns are also different. Biotite gneisses have less fractionated patterns with (La/Yb) N ratio of 10~16 and negative Eu anomalies, while granitic gneisses have fractionated patterns with (La/Yb) N ratio of 30~180 with no/or positive Eu anomalies. The Ce-Nd isotopic results obtained here indicate that the Sobaegsan biotite gneisses were derived from continental-like sources having light-REE enriched feature, while the Sobaegsan granitic gneisses were derived from MORB-like sources having light-REE-depleted feature. These isotopic and REE data are interpreted as recording LREE fractionation events associated with major episodes of crust formation in East Asia. And the comparison of the initial ε Nd value of the Sobaegsan biotite gneiss at 0.82 Ga with those of the Chinese and Japanese Precambrian rocks implies that the sources for the Sobaegsan biotite gneisses and these Chinese and Japanese rocks had common light-REE enriched pattern, e.g., 147 Sm/ 144 Nd ratio ranging from 0.09-0.13. Furthermore, it suggests that these sources having light-REE enriched patterns were derived from depleted mantle at the late Archean.

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Section: Major and Ree Geochemistrymentioning

confidence: 62%

Crustal evolution history of Korean Peninsula in East Asia: The significance of Nd, Ce isotopic and REE data from the Korean Precambrian gneisses.

et al. 2001

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“…The hint of excesses of 142 Nd found by Lugmair & Marti (1977) pointed to the possible presence of 146 Sm (τ = 148 Myr), a p-process isotope. Excesses of 142 Nd were found to be widespread both in ESS materials and in planetary differentiates and to be well correlated with Sm (Lugmair et al 1983;Jacobsen & Wasserburg 1984; see also Stewart, Papanastassiou, & Wasserburg 1994). The presence of 107 Pd (τ = 9.4 Myr) was established by Kelly & Wasserburg (1978); this nuclide was found to have been present in a large number of iron meteorites representing metal segregation in protoplanets or planetesimals (Chen & Wasserburg 1981a, 1981bCarlson & Hauri 2001).…”

Section: Se Non è Vero è Bene Trovato Ancient Italian Motto 1 Introdumentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Lived Nuclei in the Early Solar System: A Low Mass Stellar Source?

Busso

Gallino

Wasserburg³

2003

Publ. – Astron. Soc. Aust

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Abstract:We discuss possible stellar origins of short-lived radioactive nuclei with meanlifeτ ≤ 100 Myr, which were shown to be alive in the Early Solar System (ESS). We first review current ideas on the production of nuclides having 10 ≤τ ≤ 100 Myr, which presumably derive from the continuous interplay of galactic astration, nucleosynthesis from massive supernovae and free decay in the interstellar medium. The abundance of the shorter lived 53 Mn might be explained by this same scenario. Then we consider the nuclei 107 Pd, 26 Al, 41 Ca and 60 Fe, whose early solar system abundances are too high to have originated in this way. Present evidence favours a stellar origin, particularly for 107 Pd, 26 Al and 60 Fe, rather than an in situ production by energetic solar particles. The idea of an encounter (rather close in time and space) between the forming Sun and a dying star is therefore discussed: this star may or may not have also triggered the solar formation. Recent nucleosynthesis calculations for the yields of the relevant short-lived isotopes and of their stable reference nuclei are discussed. Massive stars evolving to type II supernovae (either leaving a neutron star or a black hole as a remnant) seem incapable of explaining the four most critical ESS radioactivities in their observed abundance ratios. An asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star seems to be a viable source, especially if of relatively low initial mass (M ≤ 3M ⊙ ) and with low neutron exposure: this model can provide a solution for 26 Al, 41 Ca and 107 Pd, with important contributions to 60 Fe, which are inside the present uncertainty range of the 60 Fe early solar system abundance. Such a model requires that 26 Al is produced substantially on the AGB by cool bottom processing. The remaining inventory of short-lived species in the solar nebula would then be attributed to the continuous galactic processing, with the exception of 10 Be, which must reflect production by later proton bombardment at a low level during early solar history.

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“…a samples for isotope analyzes = 10L, for Nd concentrations ~250mL. b normalized to repeat analyses of La Jolla of 143 Nd/ 144 Nd=0.511820 ± 0.000013 (n=9), relative to a La Jolla value of 0.511858 (Lugmair et al, 1983). Table 2a.…”

Section: Pahnke Et Al Seawater Nd Isotopes: Tests and Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…324,526,527: normalized to repeat analyses of La Jolla of 143 Nd/ 144 Nd=0.511845 ±0.000021 (n=10), relative to a La Jolla value of 0.511858 (Lugmair et al, 1983). all other samples: normalized to repeat analyses of La Jolla of 143 Nd/ 144 Nd=0.51185 ±0.000011 (n=13), relative to a La Jolla value of 0.511858 (Lugmair et al, 1983). …”

Section: Bats Baseline Profiles and Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

GEOTRACES intercalibration of neodymium isotopes and rare earth element concentrations in seawater and suspended particles. Part 2: Systematic tests and baseline profiles

Pahnke¹,

Flierdt²,

Jones³

et al. 2012

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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The large-scale collection of seawater samples and analysis of trace elements and isotopes by the GEOTRACES program call for careful comparison and examination of different methods for sample collection, treatment, and processing. Here we report results for different filter types, sampling bottles, and preconcentration methods for Nd from seawater. Neodymium isotope ratios and concentrations of unfiltered and filtered seawater using five different filter types agree within 43-56 ppm (2s standard deviation, SD) and 10% (relative 2s standard deviation), respectively. The filter choice therefore has no effect on the measured parameters at the studied locations in the western North Atlantic. This could well be different, however, in areas of high particle concentrations. We therefore strongly recommend filtration of seawater for Nd isotope and rare earth element concentration measurements. Dissolved Nd ratios and Nd concentrations are reported for the North Atlantic (BATS) and North Pacific (SAFe), and profiles of all rare earth elements are reported for BATS. These baseline profiles are recommended for continued quality control and intercalibration by future GEOTRACES cruises. AcknowledgmentsWe thank Bob Anderson, Marty Fleisher, and Tim Kenna (LDEO) for the excellent team work before, during, and after the cruises. Special thanks to Greg Cutter, Ken Bruland, and Rob Sherrell for leading the intercalibration effort. We thank the science party of both intercalibration cruises and captain and crew of the R/V Knorr. E. Sholkovitz, G. Bayon, associate Editor P. Croot, and one anonymous reviewer are greatly acknowledged for their constructive reviews. Most previously published seawater Nd isotopic compositions and Nd concentrations are reported for unfiltered seawater (e.g., Piepgras et al. 1979;Piepgras and Wasserburg 1980, 1987;Jeandel 1993; Jeandel et al. 1998;Amakawa et al. 2004;Lacan and Jeandel 2004a, 2004b, 2005Rickli et al. 2009). Alibo and Nozaki (1999) Nd ratios and Nd concentrations at SAFe. The results obtained on filtered seawater are compared with previously published results, hydrography at the stations, and particle compositions. We recommend the use of these profiles as 'baseline profiles' for reoccupation and continuous intercalibration in the future, in particular of the deeper samples for which a stronger temporal stability can be expected. Materials and procedures Sample locationsSamples for this study were collected during two GEOT-RACES intercalibration cruises on R/V Knorr. During cruise KN193-6 (Bermuda-Norfolk, June-July 2008), we collected seawater samples at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study station (BATS, 31°40¢ N, 64°10¢ W) from 20 m and 2000 m water depth and a full water column profile, as well as seawater from a station on the Virginia continental slope (Virginia slope station, 37°2¢ N, 74°24¢ W) from 36 m water depth (Fig. 1a). During cruise KN195-8 (Honolulu-San Diego, May 2009), we collected a seawater profile at the North Pacific Sampling and Analysis of Iron station ...

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Samarium-146 in the Early Solar System: Evidence from Neodymium in the Allende Meteorite

Cited by 134 publications

References 13 publications

Crustal evolution history of Korean Peninsula in East Asia: The significance of Nd, Ce isotopic and REE data from the Korean Precambrian gneisses.

Crustal evolution history of Korean Peninsula in East Asia: The significance of Nd, Ce isotopic and REE data from the Korean Precambrian gneisses.

Short-Lived Nuclei in the Early Solar System: A Low Mass Stellar Source?

GEOTRACES intercalibration of neodymium isotopes and rare earth element concentrations in seawater and suspended particles. Part 2: Systematic tests and baseline profiles

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