Abstract:ResumenIntroducción: a más de dos décadas de la introducción del concepto de salud intercultural en América Latina, su definición no está clara, pues ha adquirido diferentes significados dependiendo de su uso.Existen tensiones entre la tendencia a reducir la salud intercultural a la conciliación entre la biomedicina y la medicina indígena, y una perspectiva crítica que hace visible las inequidades entre ambas.Este estudio tuvo por objetivo comprender el concepto de salud intercultural, desde la visión de dos c… Show more
“…De hecho, manejar ciertas creencias y costumbres podría ocasionar conocimiento estereotipado y mayores prejuicios frente a algunas situaciones que les resultaban desconcertantes, tal como se evidencia en el consenso simulado logrado por algunos participantes en la etapa de Aceptación Cultural. Esto coincide con otros estudios, donde las expectativas de los profesionales y pacientes no concuerdan, generándose desencuentros en la práctica clínica 34,35 .…”
Intercultural competences achieved by health sciences students during the clinical practice Background: During their clinical practice, health Sciences students get acquainted with the cultural diversity of patients and learn to deal with this reality in a model of social learning. Aim: To determine the level of Intercultural Competence in Health Sciences students based on the Confrontation, Resistance, and Cultural Openness (CRAC) model, specific for health professionals. Material and Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 106 Health Sciences students from three universities in Chile. Content analysis was supported by the software ATLAS.ti version 9. Results: The students progressed through the CRAC model and were able to configure a new level called Cultural Understanding, in which the participants innovated care models and offered new therapeutic schemes with cultural relevance. In addition, a fifth level called Cultural Inclusion was proposed. However, a training process with a marked theoretical/scientific emphasis can overshadow the learning process resulting from reflexive practical experience, reducing its real value such as traditional/ancestral medicine. Conclusions: The students were able to update the Confrontation, Resistance, Openness, Understanding and Intercultural Inclusion Model. The features of those participants who achieve the highest levels of intercultural competences should be explored and used for the training process.
“…De hecho, manejar ciertas creencias y costumbres podría ocasionar conocimiento estereotipado y mayores prejuicios frente a algunas situaciones que les resultaban desconcertantes, tal como se evidencia en el consenso simulado logrado por algunos participantes en la etapa de Aceptación Cultural. Esto coincide con otros estudios, donde las expectativas de los profesionales y pacientes no concuerdan, generándose desencuentros en la práctica clínica 34,35 .…”
Intercultural competences achieved by health sciences students during the clinical practice Background: During their clinical practice, health Sciences students get acquainted with the cultural diversity of patients and learn to deal with this reality in a model of social learning. Aim: To determine the level of Intercultural Competence in Health Sciences students based on the Confrontation, Resistance, and Cultural Openness (CRAC) model, specific for health professionals. Material and Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 106 Health Sciences students from three universities in Chile. Content analysis was supported by the software ATLAS.ti version 9. Results: The students progressed through the CRAC model and were able to configure a new level called Cultural Understanding, in which the participants innovated care models and offered new therapeutic schemes with cultural relevance. In addition, a fifth level called Cultural Inclusion was proposed. However, a training process with a marked theoretical/scientific emphasis can overshadow the learning process resulting from reflexive practical experience, reducing its real value such as traditional/ancestral medicine. Conclusions: The students were able to update the Confrontation, Resistance, Openness, Understanding and Intercultural Inclusion Model. The features of those participants who achieve the highest levels of intercultural competences should be explored and used for the training process.
“…Para que se construa uma assistência baseada nas necessidades específicas de cada etnia, tornase necessário analisar a resposta cultural dos povos indígenas a uma determinada enfermidade. Entre o modelo biomédico e a medicina indígena, os profissionais de saúde devem reconhecer e respeitar os conhecimentos dos líderes (pajés) ou curandeiros, deste modo, essa relação intercultural durante o cuidado aos povos originários, pode ser capaz de promover uma interação bem-sucedida, diferenciada, efetiva e eficaz (22) .…”
Objetivo: Mapear la producción científica sobre las estrategias preventivas utilizadas por los servicios de salud para el abordaje del Covid-19 en la población indígena del continente americano entre los años 2019 y 2022. Material y Método: Revisión de alcance realizada en las bases de datos: LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, WOS y Science Direct. Siguiendo los criterios establecidos por la estrategia mnemotécnica PCC, se utilizaron descriptores controlados y no controlados. Se incluyeron estudios primarios, informes de experiencias, revisiones bibliográficas, perspectivas, reflexiones y editoriales, publicados entre diciembre de 2019 y marzo de 2022, en portugués, inglés y español. Resultados: Se identificaron 237 estudios en las estrategias de búsqueda, y después de leer los textos completos, se seleccionaron seis artículos para esta revisión. La exploración de estudios publicados en revistas internacionales y nacionales permitió mapear las estrategias preventivas utilizadas por los servicios de salud y las comunidades indígenas, que incluían el aislamiento en las aldeas, el traslado de pacientes, el tratamiento de enfermedades no relacionadas con el Covid-19 en las aldeas, la compra de equipos de protección personal, la educación sanitaria con materiales lingüísticamente apropiados y el apoyo financiero. También hubo estudios que presentaban posibles sugerencias para prevenir y combatir el Covid-19. Conclusión: Las estrategias preventivas tuvieron como objetivo contener la propagación de esta enfermedad infecciosa en las comunidades indígenas, pero también se pudo observar la falta de estrategias en el campo de la enfermería que actúen de acuerdo con las especificidades culturales de la población indígena.
“…We conducted this research focusing on the Spanish-language sphere because, on the one hand, it is the second mother tongue in the world by number of speakers (after Mandarin Chinese) and its speaking community is composed of more than 580 million people (Instituto Cervantes, 2019). On the other hand, we chose this language because, while in Spain there is a public debate about the regulation of these therapies and there has been an increase Complementary and Alternative Medicine on YouTube in media attention for this issue , in many Latin American countries some of these practices are well accepted, such as in Mexico (Corell-Dómenech, 2019), or even are part of the native American medicine, such as in Chile (Pérez et al, 2020). As YouTube videos know no borders, it is interesting to analyse the synergies that are created.…”
The objective of this article is to explore the communities generated on YouTube by content creators on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Through graph theory, visual network analysis and a broad overview of the content of selected channels, communities are examined to assess their strength as a community in terms of their degree of connectedness and density. Strong communities are composed of individuals who spread the word about the same topic and viewpoint, acting as one block. Results showed that content creators who promote CAM on YouTube have small and weak communities; in contrast, content creators related to scientific dissemination, who are against CAM, have built strong communities.
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