Salts of the Group IIA Metals Dissolved in Nonaqueous or in Mixed Solvents. Conductance of Perchlorates and Nitrates Dissolved Separately in Some Primary and Secondary Aliphatic Alcohols.

Abstract

New conductance data are reported for Co(CI04)2-6H20, Sr(CI04);-6Hj0, Be(NOsL-SHaO, Mg(CI04)2-6H?0, and Mg(N03)2'6H20 dissolved separately in n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-amyl, and isoamyl alcohols at 20°and 45°C. For most systems, the ratio of molar conductance at 45°C. to molar conductance at 20°C. is linearly dependent on salt concentration; at both temperatures the plot of specific conductance vs. salt concentration is described by two intersecting lines. Plots of the salt concentration at the point of intersection vs. the dielectric constant at a fixed temperature for each salt yield a straight line. All data were processed by digital computer with programs which contain the self-judgment principle and allow the experimenter to determine compatibility of his data with a number of equations.DeSAI, NAIK, AND DESAI (8) observed that conductance data for chlorides, iodides, and nitrates of the alkali and alkaline earth metals dissolved in n-propyl alcohol do not fit the simple Onsager equation. The earlier data of Kraus and Bishop (11) for Mg(N03)2-6H20 and Ca(N03)2 in n-propyl alcohol and n-propyl alcohol-water confirm this observation.Van Rysselberghe et al. (14, 15) measured the conductance, , 25°C. of Mg(C104)2 and Ca(C104)2 dissolved separately in acetone, nitromethane, and alcohols (methyl, n-propyl, and isopropyl). They found that the equation = 0 -AC05, described the data for each salt-solvent system, even for relatively high salt concentrations, C. However, they noted that the parameters for this empirical equation are not predicted by the simple Onsager equation.Lange (12) found that data for 560 strong electrolyte systems (which include salts of the alkali and alkaline earth metals dissolved in water, formic acid, acetonitrile, acetic anhydride, acetamide, sulfur dioxide, ammonia, hydrazine,