Saltatory Conduction: Jumping to New Conclusions

Lim, Brian C.; Rasband, Matthew N.

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.037

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Computational modeling of propagating internodal current flows in myelinated axons was performed with the NEURON simulation environment (v7.7) 40 , 41 , which has been widely used in laboratories and classrooms around the world due to its accuracy in modeling the neuronal dynamics observed experimentally. Following the double cable model and the optimal cable parameters described in Supplementary Note 2 63 , 64 , a custom-written Python model was developed to simulate the nodal, internodal, and paranodal domains in a myelinated axon and the saltatory conduction along the axon. Computational modeling of the EMP’s propagation in the microstrip line and the LN crystal was performed using a finite element modeling software (COMSOL Multiphysics).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast and hypersensitive phase imaging of propagating internodal current flows in myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses in dielectrics

Zhang

Shen

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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Many ultrafast phenomena in biology and physics are fundamental to our scientific understanding but have not yet been visualized owing to the extreme speed and sensitivity requirements in imaging modalities. Two examples are the propagation of passive current flows through myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses through dielectrics, which are both key to information processing in living organisms and electronic devices. Here, we demonstrate differentially enhanced compressed ultrafast photography (Diff-CUP) to directly visualize propagations of passive current flows at approximately 100 m/s along internodes, i.e., continuous myelinated axons between nodes of Ranvier, from Xenopus laevis sciatic nerves and of electromagnetic pulses at approximately 5 × 107 m/s through lithium niobate. The spatiotemporal dynamics of both propagation processes are consistent with the results from computational models, demonstrating that Diff-CUP can span these two extreme timescales while maintaining high phase sensitivity. With its ultrahigh speed (picosecond resolution), high sensitivity, and noninvasiveness, Diff-CUP provides a powerful tool for investigating ultrafast biological and physical phenomena.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast and hypersensitive phase imaging of propagating internodal current flows in myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses in dielectrics

Zhang

Shen

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

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“…The insulation of the axon by myelin increases dramatically the conduction speed restricting action potentials to the nodes of Ranvier. Therefore, myelin by ensheathing the large diameter axons generates the saltatory impulse propagation and speeds up nerve conduction velocity by 20–100-fold [ 17 , 18 ]. Besides, in the myelinated fibers, a linear dependency occurs between the speed of nerve conduction and the axonal diameters [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Schwann Cells In the Physiology And Pathophysiology Of Peripheral Nervesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protease Activated Receptor 1 and Its Ligands as Main Regulators of the Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves

et al. 2021

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In contrast with the brain and spinal cord, peripheral nerves possess a striking ability to regenerate after damage. This characteristic of the peripheral nervous system is mainly due to a specific population of glial cells, the Schwann cells. Schwann cells promptly activate after nerve injury, dedifferentiate assuming a repair phenotype, and assist axon regrowth. In general, tissue injury determines the release of a variety of proteases which, in parallel with the degradation of their specific targets, also activate plasma membrane receptors known as protease-activated receptors (PARs). PAR1, the prototypical member of the PAR family, is also known as thrombin receptor and is present at the Schwann cell plasma membrane. This receptor is emerging as a possible regulator of the pro-regenerative capacity of Schwann cells. Here, we summarize the most recent literature data describing the possible contribution of PAR1 and PAR1-activating proteases in regulating the regeneration of peripheral nerves.

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Modeling the excitation of nerve axons under transcutaneous stimulation

RaviChandran,

Hope,

et al. 2023

Computers in Biology and Medicine

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Saltatory Conduction: Jumping to New Conclusions

Abstract: Type VI secretion system translocates a phage tail spike-like protein into target cells where it cross-links actin.

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Ultrafast and hypersensitive phase imaging of propagating internodal current flows in myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses in dielectrics

Ultrafast and hypersensitive phase imaging of propagating internodal current flows in myelinated axons and electromagnetic pulses in dielectrics

Protease Activated Receptor 1 and Its Ligands as Main Regulators of the Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves

Modeling the excitation of nerve axons under transcutaneous stimulation

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