Salt Stress and Hyperosmotic Stress Regulate the Expression of Different Sets of Genes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Kanesaki, Yu; Suzuki, Iwane; Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I.; Mikami, Koji; Murata, Norio

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.6201

Cited by 262 publications

(233 citation statements)

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“…PCC 6803 (hereafter Synechocystis) is an aquatic photoautotrophic prokaryote that has been used extensively for studies of genome-wide responses to stress Kanesaki et al, 2002;Inaba et al, 2003). These studies have led to the identification of specific His kinases (Hiks) and response regulators (Rres) that are involved in the perception and transduction of signals due to low temperature, salt stress, osmotic stress, and metal ion deficiency Yamaguchi et al, 2002;Marin et al, 2003;Paithoonrangsarid et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In cyanobacteria, the expression of heat shock genes is regulated at the transcriptional level under heat shock and other stress conditions (Webb et al, 1990;Kanesaki et al, 2002;Nakamoto et al, 2003), and HSPs play important roles in the tolerance of cyanobacterial cells to heat, cold, and oxidative stress (Nakamoto et al, 2001;Nakamoto, 2002, 2003). The genome of Synechocystis includes the sll1670 gene , which encodes an ortholog of HrcA, a negative regulator of the expression of the grpE-dnaK-dnaJ and groESL operons for chaperonins in Bacillus subtilis (Hecker et al, 1986).…”

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The Histidine Kinase Hik34 Is Involved in Thermotolerance by Regulating the Expression of Heat Shock Genes in Synechocystis

et al. 2005

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Histidine kinases (Hiks) in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 are involved in the transduction of signals associated with various kinds of environmental stress. To examine the potential role in thermotolerance of Hiks, we used genome microarray analysis to screen a Hik knockout library for mutations that affected the expression of genes for heat shock proteins. Mutation of the hik34 gene enhanced the levels of transcripts of a number of heat shock genes, including htpG and groESL1. Overexpression of the hik34 gene repressed the expression of these heat shock genes. In addition, the cells with a mutant gene for Hik34 (DHik34 cells) survived incubation at 48°C for 3 h, while wild-type cells and cells with mutations in other Hiks were killed. However, mutation of the hik34 gene had only an insignificant effect on the global expression of genes upon incubation of the mutant cells at 44°C for 20 min. Quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that levels of GroES and HspA were elevated in DHik34 cells after incubation of cells at 42°C for 60 min. We overexpressed recombinant Hik34 protein in Escherichia coli and purified it. We found that the protein was autophosphorylated in vitro at physiological temperatures, but not at elevated temperatures, such as 44°C. These results suggest that Hik34 might negatively regulate the expression of certain heat shock genes that might be related to thermotolerance in Synechocystis.

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The Histidine Kinase Hik34 Is Involved in Thermotolerance by Regulating the Expression of Heat Shock Genes in Synechocystis

et al. 2005

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“…Cyanobacteria accumulate the osmoprotective solute glucosylglycerol in response to salt stress, whereas sorbitol itself accumulates in cyanobacterial cells (Marin et al, 2006). Sorbitol was also shown to induce a more pronounced efflux of water from cells than salt (Kanesaki et al, 2002). DNA microarray analysis has revealed that although many genes are up-regulated or downregulated in both salt-induced and sorbitol-induced osmotic stress, many differences are also found (Kanesaki et al, 2002;Shoumskaya et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (hereafter Synechocystis) has been used extensively in gene expression studies under a variety of different stress conditions (Hihara et al, 2001;Huang et al, 2002;Kanesaki et al, 2002;Shoumskaya et al, 2005;Foster et al, 2006;Singh et al, 2006;Summerfield and Sherman, 2007;Tuominen et al, 2008). These and other studies have demonstrated that acclimation to changing environmental conditions requires changes in gene expression over a wide range of different functions.…”

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Characterization of Single and Double Inactivation Strains Reveals New Physiological Roles for Group 2 σ Factors in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Pollari

Gunnelius²,

Tuominen³

et al. 2008

Plant Physiology

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Cyanobacteria are eubacteria that perform oxygenic photosynthesis like plants. The initiation of transcription, mediated by the RNA polymerase holoenzyme, is the main determinant of gene regulation in eubacteria. The s factor of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme is responsible for the recognition of a promoter sequence. In the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the primary s factor, SigA, is essential for cell viability. The SigB, SigC, SigD, and SigE factors show significant sequence similarity with the SigA factor but are nonessential. In this study, we have used homology modeling to construct a three-dimensional model of Synechocystis RNA polymerase holoenzyme and all group 1 and 2 s factors. According to the models, the overall three-dimensional structures of group 1 and 2 s factors are similar, the SigB and SigD factors being the most similar ones. In addition, we have constructed a complete set of group 2 s factor double inactivation strains, DsigBC, DsigBD, DsigBE, DsigCD, DsigCE, and DsigDE. All double mutants grow well under standard conditions, but differences are observed in stress conditions. The transition from lag phase to exponential growth is slow in the DsigBD strain, and all strains lacking the SigD factor were found to be sensitive to bright light. Furthermore, all group 2 s factors were found to be involved in acclimation to salt-or sorbitol-induced osmotic stresses.

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“…It has been reported that high salinity not only inhibits photosynthesis and hence the carbon pool of freshwater cyanobacteria but also decreases the amount of fixed carbon available for the synthesis of compatible solutes (Ferjani et al, 2003). Responses of freshwater cyanobacteria to salt stress have been studied by several research groups at the genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels Huang et al, 2006;Kanesaki et al, 2002; Marin et al, 2004;Srivastava et al, 2008). These studies reported salt stress responses of several cyanobacterial species in relation to specific genes encoding stress proteins, photosynthetic proteins and proteins involved in the synthesis of compatible solutes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of salinity-induced photorespiratory glycolate metabolism in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

et al. 2011

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This paper reports an investigation of salinity-induced glycolate metabolism in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 (hereafter Anabaena PCC 7120). Quantitative analysis of transcripts for the photosynthesis-associated genes encoding ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (Rubisco), phosphoribulokinase and transketolase, as well as those involved in glycolate metabolism (phosphoglycolate phosphatase, glycolate oxidase, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase) was performed. The expression of all investigated photosynthesis-associated genes except Rubisco was downregulated after 24 h NaCl treatment. However, under the same conditions, the transcripts encoding enzymes involved in glycolate metabolism were overexpressed. This was further confirmed by the quantitative analysis of the intermediates involved in glycolate metabolism. The intracellular levels of organic acids (glyceric, glycolic and glyoxylic acids) and amino acids (glycine and serine) were elevated in salt-treated cells as compared to those in the control cells. Transcriptional inhibition of photosynthesis-associated genes, and upregulation of genes and enhanced synthesis of intermediates associated with glycolate metabolism, indicate the occurrence of this photorespiratory metabolic pathway metabolism in Anabaena PCC 7120 under salt stress. INTRODUCTIONThe evolution of cyanobacteria over 2.7 billion years significantly contributed to a major transition in the history of life on Earth (Buick, 1992). Cyanobacterial photosynthesis resulted in a tremendous increase in the oxygen concentration of the atmosphere and the emergence of oxygen-dependent life. Due to their ability to adapt frequently to changing environments, cyanobacteria currently occupy most ecological niches on our planet.An important habitat for cyanobacteria is rice fields, where they significantly contribute to the availability of nitrogen for the crop (Singh, 1961). The rice agro-ecosystem, including cyanobacteria, is subjected to several abiotic stresses, including salt stress caused by anthropogenic activities (Srivastava et al., 2009). It has been reported that high salinity not only inhibits photosynthesis and hence the carbon pool of freshwater cyanobacteria but also decreases the amount of fixed carbon available for the synthesis of compatible solutes (Ferjani et al., 2003). Responses of freshwater cyanobacteria to salt stress have been studied by several research groups at the genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels Huang et al., 2006;Kanesaki et al., 2002; Marin et al., 2004;Srivastava et al., 2008). These studies reported salt stress responses of several cyanobacterial species in relation to specific genes encoding stress proteins, photosynthetic proteins and proteins involved in the synthesis of compatible solutes. However, salinity-induced changes in metabolism related to glycolate metabolism (photorespiration) have been little studied in cyanobacteria.Photorespiration evolved as an essential disadvantage of oxygenic life, as...

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Salt Stress and Hyperosmotic Stress Regulate the Expression of Different Sets of Genes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Cited by 262 publications

References 40 publications

The Histidine Kinase Hik34 Is Involved in Thermotolerance by Regulating the Expression of Heat Shock Genes in Synechocystis

The Histidine Kinase Hik34 Is Involved in Thermotolerance by Regulating the Expression of Heat Shock Genes in Synechocystis

Characterization of Single and Double Inactivation Strains Reveals New Physiological Roles for Group 2 σ Factors in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Assessment of salinity-induced photorespiratory glycolate metabolism in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120

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