Salt stress affects mitotic activity and modulates antioxidant systems in onion roots

Singh, Divya; Roy, Bijoy Krishna

doi:10.1007/s40415-015-0216-0

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…MI was determined by counting the number of mitotic cells from the total number of cells scored per root sample. The chromosomal aberrations (anaphase-telophase bridges and chromosome breaks) and the number of cells (interphase) with MN at each point were scored (Singh and Roy, 2016) under a binocular light microscope (Olympus BX51, Japan) at 40Â magnification.…”

Section: Mis and Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage inVicia faba

et al. 2017

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The increasing use of pesticides such as malathion and dithane in agriculture causes environmental mutagenicity. However, their genotoxicity in edible crops is seldom assessed. In this study, the genotoxic potential of malathion and dithane was evaluated in the roots of Vicia faba L. All three concentrations (0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%) of malathion and dithane tested resulted in a significant decrease in root length and inhibited seed germination. Cytological observations showed that the mitotic frequency in the root meristematic cells decreased parallel to the increase in concentrations, and the increase in chromosome aberrations and micronuclei frequency was concentration dependent. Alkaline comet assay revealed significant onset of DNA damage at all tested concentrations. For the randomly amplified polymorphic (RAPD)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses, 10 random RAPD primers were found to produce 116 unique polymorphic RAPD band fragments of 223-3139 bp. Each primer generated 3-15 RAPD bands on an average. The percentage of polymorphic DNA fragments was higher in malathion-exposed plants than dithane ones. The changes in RAPD profiles included disappearance and/or appearance of DNA bands in malathion and dithane treatment. Hence, DNA damage observed by the cytogenetic endpoints and comet assay corroborated with RAPD-PCR analysis. A total of 15 new protein bands of molecular weight ranging 11.894-226.669 kDa were observed in roots of Vicia plants that were exposed to the pesticides. The number of new protein bands was higher in malathion-treated DNA samples than in dithane-treated ones. Based on the results, we conclude that the pesticides can alter genomic template stability and change protein profiles. Malathion was more genotoxic than dithane. Therefore, RAPD assays can be useful in determining genotoxicity of pesticides in V. faba and other crops along with other quantitative parameters.

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Section: Mis and Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage inVicia faba

et al. 2017

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“…After 4 days, seedlings were transferred into Hoagland′s nutrient solution having 0.05, 0.13, 0.26, 0.39 and 0.52 g/L malathion for 4, 8 and 18 h. Cytogenetical studies were carried out by fixing roots in ethanol and glacial acetic acid (3:1 v/v) for 24 h, followed by hydrolysis in 1 N HCl at 60 °C for 5 minutes. Then root tips (1 mm) were cleaned and stained with 2% aceto-carmine 26 . The mitotic index (MI) in percentage was calculated by counting the cells of mitotic phases in total number of cells (1000 cells/slide).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of malathion toxicity on cytophysiological activity, DNA damage and antioxidant enzymes in root of Allium cepa model

Srivastava

Singh

2020

Sci Rep

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The current study was emphasized to assess the effect of malathion on root system (cell division and kinetics of the root elongation) and stress related parameters in Allium cepa L. the roots were exposed to different concentrations (0.05, 0.13, 0.26, 0.39 and 0.52 g/L) of malathion for different treatment periods (4, 8 and 18 h). The results revealed that malathion application affected the growth rate and cell division in root tips. The root elongation kinetics were impaired at 0.13 to 0.52 g/L concentrations. Reduction in tissue water content (TWC) indicated the limited osmotic adjustment due to membrane damage. Further, a decrease in sucrose content was observed in contrast to the accumulation of proline (upto 0.39 g/L). Moreover, malathion exposure elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation followed by changes in antioxidant enzymes status. The activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were down-regulated whereas the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were up-regulated except in 0.52 g/L malathion. The molecular docking study of malathion with CAT, GST, SOD, APX and GR also supported of above results for their activity. All these physiological responses varied with increasing malathion concentration and duration of treatment. the single cell gel electrophoresis results showed that all concentrations of malathion induced DNA damage in root cells. The findings depicted that malathion application induces cytotoxic and phytotoxic effects mediated through oxidative stress and subsequent injuries.

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“…RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Salinity is one of the abiotic stresses that threat the future of agricultural industry (Singh, 2019). Over years of research, different chemical compounds and methods of application have been used to reduce the impact of salt stress on agricultural product (Kamran et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2019;Singh andRoy, 2016 andWani et al, 2017). Species, varieties, growth stage, and different organs of the plant response differently to salinity tolerance under various growth conditions (Kamran et al, 2020).…”

Section: Experimental Design Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Statistically, no significant difference was found in the yield of plants treated with SA 0.5 and 1 mM under the effect of 20 and 40 mM NaCl, respectively (Table 7). Many studies examined the response of plant to SA under salt stress (Pradhan et al, 2016;Singh andRoy, 2016 andWani et al, 2017). Different plant species at different growth stages influenced differently to abiotic and biotic stress under the effect of SA application (Dingre et al, 2016;El-Katony et al, 2019;Mohammadi et al, 2019 andSingh andRoy, 2016).…”

Section: Experimental Design Data Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onion species response differently to salt stress according to the recent publication by Plabon (2021). Cell division rate in roots of onion plants was reduced by high salt concentrations, hence the plant growth and productivity was reduced significantly (Singh and Roy, 2016). However, to mitigate the impact of salt stress on plant growth and development, different strategies have been used including intercropping with halophyte species (Lastiri-Hernández, 2021), antioxidant compound (Mohamed and Aly, 2008) and plant growth regulator and widely applied salicylic acid (SA) (Ashraf et al, 2010 andda Silva et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Salicylic Acid Application on Growth and Development of Green Onions Grown Under Salt Stress

Kka¹

2021

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture

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Soil salinity negatively affects crop production and leads to loss of agricultural lands worldwide. In Iraq, poor agricultural practices, such as inadequate drainage facilities and low water quality, are known to be caused soil salinization. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an economic crop that is consumed heavily as green or dry bulb onion. The cultivated area of green onion was statistically decreased in the Kurdistan region, Iraq, lately. Therefore, this study was conducted in the Directorate of Agriculture, Ankawa, Erbil, to examine whether salicylic acid (SA) mitigate the effect of salt stress and improve the growth and development of green onions. Two different concentrations of NaCl (20 and 40 mM) were injected around the base of each plant and after 24h, SA (0.5 and 1mM) was sprayed to the vegetative parts of each plant, evenly. The results showed that the short-term application of SA was reduced the impact of NaCl. The number of green leaves, leaf area, plant height, root growth, bulb diameter, plant weight and total yield (t. ha-1) was improved by the application of SA. It has been suggested the application of a commercial or SA analogue to the agricultural saline land may alleviate the salt stress and improve the product.

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Salt stress affects mitotic activity and modulates antioxidant systems in onion roots

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage inVicia faba

Malathion and dithane induce DNA damage inVicia faba

Assessment of malathion toxicity on cytophysiological activity, DNA damage and antioxidant enzymes in root of Allium cepa model

Effect of Salicylic Acid Application on Growth and Development of Green Onions Grown Under Salt Stress

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