Salt retention in nanofiltration with multilayer ceramic TiO2 membranes

Gestel, Tim Van; Vandecasteele, Carlo; Buekenhoudt, Anita; Dotremont, Chris; Luyten, Jan; Leysen, R.; Bruggen, Bart Van der; Maes, Guido

doi:10.1016/s0376-7388(02)00311-3

Cited by 125 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) corona virus is 80-200 nm in size while the diameter of avian flu virus is 80-120 nm [8]. 40 The blood-borne viruses are those that are transmitted through contact with infected blood, e.g. HIV and several hepatitis viruses.…”

Section: Size Of Viruses and Viruses In Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is reported that these ceramic membranes are able to function unaffected within organic and biological systems, 40 are easily sterilized by using steam treatment and exhibit long operational lives [29,30]. Usually, the porous ceramic membranes have an unsymmetrical layered structure, consisting of a macroporous (pore size > 400 nm) support, a porous intermediate layer, and a nanoporous top layer [31].…”

Section: Nanoporous Ceramic Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• With the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, the size and the structure 40 of the nanoparticles, the nanofibers, and the nanoporous membranes will be better controlled for improved properties.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoceramics for blood-borne virus removal

Zhao

Sugiyama

Miller

et al. 2008

Expert Review of Medical Devices

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20The development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the field of ceramics has brought new opportunities for the development of virus removal techniques. A number of nanoceramics, including nanostructured alumina, titania, zirconia etc. have been introduced for the applications in virus removal/separation. Filtration or adsorption of viruses and thus the removal of viruses through nanoceramics, such as nanoporous/mesoporous ceramic 25 membranes, ceramic nanofibres, and ceramic nanoparticles will make it possible to produce an efficient system for virus removal from blood and with excellent chemical/thermal stability. Currently nanoceramic membranes and filters based on sol-gel alumina membranes and NanoCeram® nanofibre filters have been commercialized and applied to remove viruses from the blood. Nevertheless, filtration using nanoprous filters is limited to the removal of 30 only free viruses in the bloodstream.

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Section: Size Of Viruses and Viruses In Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanoporous Ceramic Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoceramics for blood-borne virus removal

Zhao

Sugiyama

Miller

et al. 2008

Expert Review of Medical Devices

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“…A NF membrane performs ion separation best at pH values far from its iso-electric point (IEP), as this corresponds to a high membrane potential. Apart from the pH, the membrane potential and charge is also a strong function of the type of ions present in the electrolyte solution and their concentration [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For titania, a now commonly used membrane material, the IEP is around 6 [6,7]. As the pH of most aqueous electrolyte solutions (without any addition of acid or base) is also close to 6, titania membranes will perform very poorly in a practical application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolyte retention of supported bi-layered nanofiltration membranes

Lint

Zivkovic

Benes

et al. 2006

Journal of Membrane Science

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The electrolyte separation behaviour of a supported bi-layered ceramic membrane is investigated experimentally and the measured ion retentions are compared with the predictions of a site-binding transport model with no adjustable parameters. Due to the difference in iso-electric point between its two separating layers, the bi-layered system is expected to perform better over a large pH range compared with a membrane with only one type of selective layer. The separating layers in the membrane are a microporous silica and a mesoporous ␥-alumina (pore sizes of 0.8 and 2 nm, respectively) and their retention is studied for a binary electrolyte solution of NaCl at 1 mol/m 3 for pH values between 4 and 10. Because of its smaller pores and high charge, the silica layer mainly determines the membrane retention at neutral and alkaline pH, while the ␥-alumina layer has a significant impact on the NaCl retention at 4 < pH < 5. The model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data for Na + at 4 < pH < 9 and for Cl − at the whole pH range. For a pH of 4, the predicted chloride retention is lower than the sodium retention while the experimental data show the opposite effect.

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