Salt engineering toward stable cation migration of Na metal anodes

Abstract

Na metal batteries (NMBs) have received extensive attention due to their high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical redox potential. However, dendrite growth and unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer in...

V3S4/PPy nanocomposites with superior high-rate capability as sodium-ion battery anodes

“…As the demand for renewable and clean energy continues to grow, energy storage devices have become an integral part of modern society. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), with the advantages of low cost, resource abundance and an analogical operating mechanism to that of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), are considered as a promising alternative to LIBs for large-scale energy storage applications. [7][8][9][10][11] However, the sluggish diffusion kinetics and severe volume variation of anode materials cause inferior rate performance, degraded capacity and poor cycle stability of SIBs because of the larger radius of sodium ions (1.02 Å versus 0.76 Å of Li).…”

Recent advances of structural/interfacial engineering for Na metal anode protection in liquid/solid-state electrolytes

“…Ji et al added KFSI into the 1 M NaPF 6 -EC/PC (NaPF-K) electrolyte to improve the cycling stability of SMBs. 145 K + served as an electron shield ion in the electrolyte to bind on the surface of Na metal. In addition, the P-F bond in PF 6…”

“…Ji et al added KFSI into the 1 M NaPF 6 -EC/PC (NaPF-K) electrolyte to improve the cycling stability of SMBs. 145 K + served as an electron shield ion in the electrolyte to bind on the surface of Na metal. In addition, the P–F bond in PF 6 − was more readily broken than the S–F bond in FSI − , which caused a NaF/KF-rich SEI layer on the surface of Na metal.…”

Optimized crystal orientation for enhanced reaction kinetics and reversibility of SnSe/NC hollow nanospheres towards high-rate and long-term lithium/sodium storage

“…4,5 Therefore, in the long run, the simultaneous development of LIBs and SIBs is necessary to expand the application market of rechargeable batteries. 6,7 In order to improve the performance of rechargeable batteries, advanced electrode materials with high theoretical capacity and cycling stability must be selected. However, the traditional graphite anode materials have a low theoretical specific capacity towards lithium ions (372 mA h g −1 ), and are also not suitable for the storage of sodium ions with a large radius.…”