Salmonella Salamae and S. Waycross isolated from Nile perch in Lake Victoria show limited human pathogenic potential

Hounmanou, Yaovi Mahuton Gildas; Baniga, Zebedayo; García, Vanesa; Dalsgaard, Anders

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-08200-5

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The genus Salmonella includes two species, Salmonella ( S. ) bongori and S. enterica , and six subspecies: enterica I, salamae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtenae IV, and indica VI. The subspecies enterica is principally associated with warm-blooded animals while Salmonella non- enterica subspecies are commonly in cold-blooded animals ( Hounmanou et al, 2022 ). The subspecies enterica , according to its surface antigens (O and H), can be divided into 1,547 serovars of which 99% are associated with animal and human infections ( Ferrari et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Peruzy

Proroga²,

Capuano³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Salmonella is one of the most common agents of foodborne illness. The genus Salmonella includes two species (Salmonella bongori and S. enterica) and six subspecies (enterica I, salamae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtenae IV, and indica VI), each of which contains multiple serotypes associated with animal and human infections. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Salmonella spp. in carcasses of food-producing animals and foods in southern Italy and the serovar distribution among different sources. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 12,246 foods and 982 samples from animal carcasses were collected and analyzed. The overall percentage of positive samples was 5.84% (N = 773) and a significant increase in prevalence was observed by comparing the years 2011–2015 (257, 3.27%) and 2016–2021 (516, 9.61%; p < 0.05). The highest percentage of positive food samples was observed in “Meat and Meat Products” (N = 327/2,438, 13.41%) followed by “Fish and fishery products” (N = 115/1,915, 6.01%). In carcasses, the highest percentage of positive samples was reported from broilers (N = 42/81, 51.85%) followed by buffalo (N = 50/101, 49.50%) and pork (N = 140/380, 36.84%). After typing, the isolates were assigned to the species S. enterica and to the subspecies: enterica (N = 760, 98.32%), diarizonae (N = 8, 1.03%), salamae (N = 3, 0.39%) and houtenae (N = 2, 0.26%). S. Infantis was the most frequently detected (N = 177, 24.76%), followed by S. Derby (N = 77, 10.77%), monophasic S. Typhimurium (N = 63, 8.81%), S. Typhimurium (N = 54, 7.55%), and S. Rissen (N = 47, 6.57%). By comparing the sampling period 2011–2015 with that of 2016–2021, an increase in the prevalence of S. Infantis and monophasic S. Typhimurium and a decrease of S. Typhimurium were recorded (p < 0.05). Thus, present data suggest that, despite the implementation of national and European control strategies to protect against Salmonella, the prevalence of this pathogen in southern Italy is still increasing and a change of national control programs to protect against Salmonella are necessary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Peruzy

Proroga²,

Capuano³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Reporting of Salmonella spp. in different types of seafood is relatively common due to fecal cross-contamination during handling and processing, but different serovars have also been found in the skin, gills, muscle, intestine, and feces of live fish ( Fernandes et al, 2018 ; Baniga et al, 2019 ; Hounmanou et al, 2020 , 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, fish can be asymptomatic carriers, where Salmonella spp. have been isolated from surface tissues, muscle, and intestine ( Fernandes et al, 2018 ; Baniga et al, 2019 ; Hounmanou et al, 2020 , 2022 ). In Bangladesh, S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanopore sequencing for identification and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from tilapia and shrimp sold at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Rheman,

Hossain,

Sarker

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Wet markets in low-and middle-income countries are often reported to have inadequate sanitation resulting in fecal contamination of sold produce. Consumption of contaminated wet market-sourced foods has been linked to individual illness and disease outbreaks. This pilot study, conducted in two major wet markets in Dhaka city, Bangladesh during a 4-month period in 2021 aimed to assess the occurrence and characteristics of Escherichia coli and non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (NTS) from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Fifty-four individuals of each species were collected. The identity of the bacterial isolates was confirmed by PCR and their susceptibility toward 15 antimicrobials was tested by disk diffusion. The whole genome of 15 E. coli and nine Salmonella spp. were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology. E. coli was present in 60–74% of tilapia muscle tissue and 41–44% of shrimp muscle tissue. Salmonella spp. was found in skin (29%) and gills (26%) of tilapia, and occasionally in muscle and intestinal samples of shrimp. The E. coli had several Multilocus sequence typing and serotypes and limited antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, such as point mutations on glpT and pmrB. One E. coli (BD17) from tilapia carried resistance genes for beta-lactams, quinolones, and tetracycline. All the E. coli belonged to commensal phylogroups B1 and A and showed no Shiga-toxin and other virulence genes, confirming their commensal non-pathogenic status. Among the Salmonella isolates, five belonged to Kentucky serovar and had similar AMR genes and phenotypic resistance patterns. Three strains of this serovar were ST198, often associated with human disease, carried the same resistance genes, and were genetically related to strains from the region. The two undetermined sequence types of S. Kentucky were distantly related and positioned in a separate phylogenetic clade. Two Brunei serovar isolates, one Augustenborg isolate, and one Hartford isolate showed different resistance profiles. This study revealed high fecal contamination levels in tilapia and shrimp sold at two main wet markets in Dhaka. Together with the occurrence of Salmonella spp., including S. Kentucky ST198, a well-known human pathogen, these results stress the need to improve hygienic practices and sanitation standards at markets to improve food safety and protect consumer health.

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“…salamae has previously been isolated from other animals, such as carnivores [40], wild boars [41], and poultry [42]. However, this subspecies has not frequently been associated with human infections [43][44][45]. Finally, subsp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Health Approach: Invasive California Kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae) as an Important Source of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Salmonella Clones on Gran Canaria Island

Santana-Hernández

Rodríguez-Ponce

Medina

et al. 2023

Animals

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The increase in the reptile population has led to a rise in the number of zoonotic infections due to close contact with reptiles, with reptile-associated salmonellosis being particularly relevant. California kingsnake invasion not only threatens the endemic reptile population of the island of Gran Canaria (Spain) but also poses serious public health problems by spreading zoonotic pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to the environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the occurrence, genetic diversity, and AMR among Salmonella spp. strains isolated from California kingsnakes in Gran Canaria Island (Spain). Of 73 invasive individuals captured, 20.5% carried Salmonella spp., belonging to different subspecies and serovars, with subsp. salamae as the most abundant. Pulsed-field electrophoresis showed high genetic diversity among subsp. salamae isolates, and among these, 73.3% showed resistance to at least one of the antimicrobials tested. In conclusion, the present study revealed the importance of wild invasive California kingsnakes as reservoirs of drug-resistant Salmonella spp. that could pose a direct threat to livestock and humans. Identification of drug-resistant Salmonella strains in wildlife provides valuable information on potential routes of transmission that involve risks to public and animal health.

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Salmonella Salamae and S. Waycross isolated from Nile perch in Lake Victoria show limited human pathogenic potential

Cited by 8 publications

References 41 publications

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Nanopore sequencing for identification and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from tilapia and shrimp sold at wet markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh

One Health Approach: Invasive California Kingsnake (Lampropeltis californiae) as an Important Source of Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Salmonella Clones on Gran Canaria Island

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