Salmonella Outbreaks Linked to Beef, United States, 2012–2019

Canning, Michelle; Birhane, Meseret; Dewey-Mattia, Daniel; Lawinger, Hannah; Cote, Andrea; Gieraltowski, Laura; Schwensohn, Colin; Tagg, Kaitlin A.; Watkins, Louise Francois; Robyn, Misha; Marshall, Katherine E.

doi:10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100071

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The isolation of this strain from a beef product collected during a 2022 multistate outbreak investigation suggests cattle infected with Salmonella in the United States might serve as a potential source of contamination. During outbreaks, the source of implicated beef products is difficult to identify because patients report consuming beef products both inside and outside the home, ¶ ¶ https://wwwn.cdc.gov/foodnetfast *** https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices/watch/salmonella-newport-mexico † † † https://ask.usda.gov/s/article/Products-for-personal-consumption shopper history records or receipts are often not available, and traceback is complex, with challenges including incomplete retail grinding logs and multiple products combined in retail products (8). Steps to prevent contamination of beef products might occur across the food production chain, including at preharvest (e.g., herd and biosecurity management), slaughter (e.g., appropriate sanitary dressing procedures and application of effective antimicrobial solutions), processing, and retail (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CDC continues to work with local and state health departments and federal partners to investigate cases of this strain to identify sources of infection and prevent illness. Interventions along the food production chain to ensure beef safety (8) and prevention measures among producers, consumers, and travelers might help to reduce illness from this persisting MDR strain. Consumers should eat beef only if it is cooked thoroughly.…”

Section: Implications For Public Health Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Strain of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Newport Remains Linked to Travel to Mexico and U.S. Beef Products — United States, 2021–2022

Ford,

Ellison,

Schwensohn

et al. 2023

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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In 2016, CDC identified a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport that is now monitored as a persisting strain (REPJJP01). Isolates have been obtained from U.S. residents in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, linked to travel to Mexico, consumption of beef products obtained in the United States, or cheese obtained in Mexico. In 2021, the number of isolates of this strain approximately doubled compared with the 2018-2020 baseline and remained high in 2022. During January 1, 2021-December 31, 2022, a total of 1,308 isolates were obtained from patients, cattle, and sheep; 86% were MDR, most with decreased susceptibility to azithromycin. Approximately one half of patients were Hispanic or Latino; nearly one half reported travel to Mexico during the month preceding illness, and one third were hospitalized. Two multistate outbreak investigations implicated beef products obtained in the United States. This highly resistant strain might spread through travelers, animals, imported foods, domestic foods, or other sources. Isolates from domestic and imported cattle slaughtered in the United States suggests a possible source of contamination. Safe food and drink consumption practices while traveling and interventions across the food production chain to ensure beef safety are necessary in preventing illness. * This strain is monitored as a reoccurring, emerging, or persisting (REP) strain;"persisting" is defined as causing illness consistently during a long period. https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dfwed/outbreak-response/rep-strains.html Methods Isolate Sequencing and Determination of Antimicrobial Resistance

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Implications For Public Health Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Strain of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Newport Remains Linked to Travel to Mexico and U.S. Beef Products — United States, 2021–2022

Ford,

Ellison,

Schwensohn

et al. 2023

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

Self Cite

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“…A study conducted by Mazengia et al [24] on meat-type poultry products at retail stores discovered that an average rate of 11.3% salmonellosis incidence remains high at 15.3 cases per 100,000, exceeding the CDC's 2030 healthy people target of 11.5 cases per 100,000 populations (U.S. DHHS, 2020) [25]. Despite an ongoing aim to decrease this prevalence over the recent two decades (CDC, 2017) [26], there has been no significant decrease.…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation Potential of Herbal Extracts and Constituent Bioactive Compounds on Salmonella in Meat-Type Poultry

Orimaye,

Ekunseitan,

Omaliko

et al. 2024

Animals

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Herbal extracts have been widely evaluated in poultry production for their beneficial effects and potential substitute for antibiotics, which contribute to AMR and risks to human health through the consumption of infected meat. Salmonellosis is a systemic infection caused by Salmonella, an intracellular bacterium with the ability to cause systemic infections with significant implications for both the health and safety of farmers and consumers. The excessive use of antibiotics has escalated the incidence of antibiotic resistance bacteria in the poultry and livestock industry, highlighting the urgent need for alternatives especially in meat-type poultry. Both in vivo usage and in vitro studies of bioactive compounds from herbal extracts have demonstrated the effective antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria, showing promise in managing Salmonella infections and enhancing poultry performance. Phytobiotic feed additives have shown promising results in improving poultry output due to their pharmacological properties, such as stimulating consumption, and enhancing antioxidant properties and preventing the increasing antimicrobial resistance threats. Despite potential for synergistic effects from plant-derived compounds, a further investigation into is essential to fully understand their role and mechanisms of action, for developing effective delivery systems, and for assessing environmental sustainability in controlling Salmonella in poultry production.

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“…The major mechanisms of quinolone resistance have been elucidated to be chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) and the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, which might aid the selection and facilitate the mutation of fluoroquinolone resistance genes ( Kuang et al, 2018a ). There have been numerous reports of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a major global public health concern that has the potential to destroy the effectiveness of antimicrobials, and resistance genes about Salmonella around the world ( Hetman et al, 2022 ; Canning et al, 2023 ; Igbinosa et al, 2023 ). In China, there are also many reports of AMR in Salmonella from food-producing animals and their products, such as pigs, poultry and cattle, involving many provinces ( Tang et al, 2022 ; Wang et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BlaTEM-positive Salmonella enterica serovars Agona and Derby are prevalent among food-producing animals in Chongqing, China

et al. 2023

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Salmonella is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic pathogens, causing global morbidity and mortality in both humans and animals. Due to the extensive use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals, the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella has attracted increasing attention globally. There have been many reports concerning the antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella from food-producing animals, meats and the environment. However, few studies on Salmonella from food-producing animals have been reported in Chongqing municipality, China. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence, serovar diversity, sequence types, and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from livestock and poultry in Chongqing. Meanwhile, we also want to know the presence of β-lactamase genes, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) mutations of Salmonella isolates. A total of 129 Salmonella strains were recovered from 2,500 fecal samples at 41 farms from pigs, goats, beef cattle, rabbits, chickens, and ducks. Fourteen serovars were identified, with S. Agona and S. Derby being the dominant serovars. The 129 isolates had high resistance to doxycycline (87.6%), ampicillin (80.6%), tetracycline (79.8%), trimethoprim (77.5%), florfenicol (76.7%) chloramphenicol (72.9%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (71.3%), but were susceptible to cefepime. A total of 114 (88.4%) isolates showed multidrug resistant phenotypes. The prevalence of β-lactamase genes in Salmonella isolates was 89.9% (116/129), and among these isolates, 107 (82.9%) harbored blaTEM, followed by blaOXA (26, 20.2%), blaCTX-M (8, 6.2%), and blaCMY (3, 2.3%). In addition, qnrB, qnrD, qnrS, oqxA, oqxB, and aac(6′)-Ib-cr were detected in 11, 2, 34, 34, 43, and 72 PMQR-producing isolates, respectively. Moreover, QRDR mutations were very common in PMQR-positive Salmonella isolates (97.2%, 70/72) with mutation(s) in parC or combinative mutations in gyrA and parC. More significantly, 32 extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates were identified, and 62.5% of them were found to harbor one to four PMQR genes. Furthermore, 11 sequence types were identified from the isolates, and most of ESBL-producing isolates were attributed to ST34 (15.6%) and ST40 (62.5%). The coexistence of PMQR genes with β-lactamase genes and the extensive mutations in QRDR present in Salmonella isolates from food-producing animals suggest a potential threat to public health. Reasonable utilization and strict control strategies for antimicrobials in animal husbandry and animal treatment are necessary to reduce the emergence and dissemination of drug-resistant Salmonella isolates.

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Salmonella Outbreaks Linked to Beef, United States, 2012–2019

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Strain of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Newport Remains Linked to Travel to Mexico and U.S. Beef Products — United States, 2021–2022

Strain of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Newport Remains Linked to Travel to Mexico and U.S. Beef Products — United States, 2021–2022

Mitigation Potential of Herbal Extracts and Constituent Bioactive Compounds on Salmonella in Meat-Type Poultry

BlaTEM-positive Salmonella enterica serovars Agona and Derby are prevalent among food-producing animals in Chongqing, China

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