Salmonella osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease children in the East End of London

Atkins, Bridget L.; Price, Elizabeth; Tillyer, Louise; Novelli, Vas; Evans, Jane

doi:10.1016/s0163-4453(97)92452-x

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…One study found that the prevalence of osteomyelitis in patients with HbSS was 12 % (Neonato et al 2000 ). Salmonella is often the causative organism (Atkins et al 1997 ;Burnett et al 1998 ). It is hypothesized that sickle vaso-occlusion in the bowel may lead to increased mucosal barrier breakdown, resulting in transient bacteremia that can infect infarcted bone.…”

Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Anemia: Infants and Children

Nickel

Hsu

2016

Sickle Cell Anemia

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Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have varied clinical problems. The hallmark manifestation of SCD, the pain crisis, typically fi rst occurs in early childhood presenting as dactylitis. Pain increases in frequency and severity as children age, especially during adolescence. Due to functional asplenia, children with SCD are at signifi cantly increased risk for certain infections, most notably Streptococcus pneumoniae. Other infections like parvovirus B19 are also special threats and can trigger an aplastic crisis. Unique, potentially life-threatening acute complications like splenic sequestration and acute chest syndrome occur in these children. They are at risk for neurologic disease, the most serious being stroke. In addition, the chronic hemolysis of SCD causes gallstones, which can lead to biliary tract disease. Children with SCD also frequently face chronic issues that include nocturnal enuresis and decreased growth. Despite these many potential problems, with advances in care including antibiotic treatment, stroke screening, blood transfusions, and hydroxyurea therapy, children with SCD rarely die in childhood and can become productive adults.

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Section: Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations of Sickle Cell Anemia: Infants and Children

Nickel

Hsu

2016

Sickle Cell Anemia

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“…are found rarely in high-income countries, but if detected the patient often has some immunodeficiency [29]. In contrast, Salmonella AHOM is rather common in the tropics where it may cause up to 71% of cases in patients with sickle cell disease [30].…”

Section: Causative Organisms and Susceptibility To Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic treatment for acute haematogenous osteomyelitis of childhood: Moving towards shorter courses and oral administration

Pääkkönen¹,

Peltola²

2011

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…It is estimated that children with SCA are 100 times more susceptible to developing pneumonia than other children, and they have a 30% recurrence rate (17). Impaired immune status, a result of functional asplenia and other abnormalities in the immune process, render the patient with SCA prone to infection, which most frequently manifests as pneumonia (5,18). Preventing this frequent, recurrent, and sometimes lifethreatening complication is the goal of daily oral penicillin prophylaxis, begun by age 3 months and continued to at least 5 years of age (5,7).…”

Section: The Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, Salmonella organisms were five times more common than S aureus. The remainder of the causative organisms are usually gram-negative enteric bacilli (18,37,48). It is theorized that tiny infarctions in the gastrointestinal tract lead to Salmonella (and other enteric gram-negative) bacteremia and ultimately to osteomyelitis.…”

Section: The Skeletal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%