Salmonella Kentucky: Antimicrobial resistance and molecular analysis of clinical, animal and environment isolates, Morocco

Karraouan, Bouchra; Ziyate, Nadia; Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz; Amajoud, Nadia; Boutaib, Rachid; Akil, Abdellah; Allaoui, Abdellah El; Ossmani, Hicham El; Zerouali, Khalid; Elmdaghri, Naima; Bouchrif, Brahimz

doi:10.3855/jidc.8171

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The risk factors associated with contamination were linked to; the cleanout period, antibiotic treatment, infection of turkey poults at placement, manure storage, keeping sick turkeys in the turkey house, season and age of turkeys at the time of sampling (38). The findings of a widespread antibiotic resistant strains and high prevalence of S. Kentucky reported by Allaoui et al, (38), was in accordance with other studies undertaken in other parts of Morocco (37,(39)(40)(41)(42). These studies established the threat posed by laying hens and turkey to the effective control of human NTS foodborne diseases in Morocco.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of S Kentucky Infection In African Countriessupporting

confidence: 89%

Salmonella Kentucky: prevalence and challenges in Nigeria and the Africa continent

Igomu¹

2020

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Salmonella Kentucky is ubiquitous in most African countries and the multidrug resistant (MDR) strains remain underreported across the continent. In Nigeria, poverty, inter country livestock trades, nomadic system of cattle production, indiscriminate use of antibiotics and prevalent immuno-compromising diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and tuberculosis are factors that have enabled ease of transmission and complications of S. Kentucky infections. In the present decade, S. Kentucky is reported to be the most prevalent serovar associated with poultry in Nigeria, but very few reports underline the risk associated with consumption of poultry and acquisition of MDR S. Kentucky strains. The Nigerian poultry is one of the most commercialized subsectors of Nigerian agriculture, therefore, the presence of S. Kentucky especially strains carrying broad spectrum antimicrobial resistance pose a great risk to public health. The lack of proper monitoring, surveillance, isolation and control of the multidrug resistant S. Kentucky will remain a challenge to the export potential of the Nigerian poultry subsector and livestock in general. As a nation, modalities and actions against the smuggling of poultry products, indiscriminate use of antibiotics and nomadic system for the production of dairy and beef that promotes spread of virulent strains of Salmonellae must change. The impact of non-typhoidal salmonellosis in humans in Nigeria also remains under studied and under reported, especially those caused by S. Kentucky ST198. Compounding these concerns is the lack of commercial veterinary or human vaccines against S. Kentucky or where vaccines against the broad serogroup C non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) are available, they are rarely supplied, with no evidence they could be cross-protective. This review emphasizes the emergence and widespread occurrence of MDR S. Kentucky strains on the African continent, and discussed risk factors contributing to its spread in Nigeria and the potential public health challenge especially to high-risk immunocompromised individuals. Keywords: Salmonella Kentucky, ST198 strain, multidrug resistant, tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, Nigeria, Africa French Title: Salmonella Kentucky: prévalence et défis au Nigeria et sur le continent africain Salmonella Kentucky est omniprésente dans la plupart des pays africains et les souches multirésistantes (MDR) restent sous-déclarées à travers le continent. Au Nigéria, la pauvreté, les échanges de bétail entre pays, le système d'élevage nomade, l'utilisation aveugle d'antibiotiques et les maladies immunodéprimantes prévalentes telles que le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine/le syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (VIH/SIDA) et la tuberculose sont des facteurs qui ont facilité la transmission et complications des infections à S. Kentucky. Au cours de la présente décennie, S. Kentucky serait le sérotype le plus répandu associé à la volaille au Nigéria, mais très peu de rapports soulignent le risque associé à la consommation de volaille et à l'acquisition de souches MDR S. Kentucky. La volaille nigériane est l'un des sous-secteurs les plus commercialisés de l'agriculture nigériane, par conséquent, la présence de S. Kentucky, en particulier les souches présentant une résistance antimicrobienne à large spectre, pose un grand risque pour la santé publique. L'absence de suivi, de surveillance, d'isolement et de contrôle adéquats du S. Kentucky multirésistant résistera toujours au défi du potentiel d'exportation du sous-secteur de la volaille nigérian et du bétail en général. En tant que nation, les modalités et les actions contre la contrebande de produits de volaille, l'utilisation aveugle d'antibiotiques et le système nomade pour la production de produits laitiers et de boeuf qui favorisent la propagation de souches virulentes de salmonelles doivent changer. L'impact de la salmonellose non typhoïde chez l'homme au Nigeria reste également sous-étudié et sous-signalé, en particulier ceux causés par S. Kentucky ST198. À ces inquiétudes s'ajoute le manque de vaccins commerciaux vétérinaires ou humains contre S. Kentucky ou là où des vaccins contre les Salmonella non typhoïde du sérogroupe C sont disponibles, ils sont rarement fournis, sans aucune preuve qu'ils pourraient être de protection croisée. Cette revue met l'accent sur l'émergence et la présence généralisée de souches MDR S. Kentucky sur le continent africain, et a discuté des facteurs de risque contribuant à sa propagation au Nigéria et du défi potentiel de santé publique en particulier pour les personnes immunodéprimées à haut risque. Mots-clés: Salmonella Kentucky, souche ST198, multirésistante, tuberculose, VIH/SIDA, Nigéria, Afrique

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Section: Epidemiology Of S Kentucky Infection In African Countriessupporting

confidence: 89%

Salmonella Kentucky: prevalence and challenges in Nigeria and the Africa continent

Igomu¹

2020

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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“…Salmonella is frequently transmitted to humans by the consumption of food of animal origin, especially avian products such as eggs and chicken meat [ 2 , 6 ]. As an aggravating factor, most clinical isolates have been reported to be multidrug-resistant, associated with the inappropriate use of antibiotics such as enrofloxacin as growth promoters in animal production [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular identification of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from broiler farms and human samples obtained from two regions in Colombia

et al. 2021

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Background and Aim: Salmonella is one of the most common foodborne pathogens, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of which is increasing. The aim of this study was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize the fluoroquinolone resistance of Salmonella isolates from broiler and humans in two regions of Colombia. Materials and Methods: Salmonella strains (n=49) were evaluated. The phenotype of antibiotic resistance was assessed by an automated method and agar diffusion method, as well as the presence of the quinolone resistance genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib as determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results: Strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin (75%), levofloxacin (57.1%), and enrofloxacin (38.8%). Molecular identification showed that 24 out of 49 strains possessed the qnrB gene (48.9%), while only one isolate from the Santander region possessed the aac(6')-Ib gene. Regarding Class 1 integron, it was present in 11 out of the 49 strains (22.44%). Conclusion: This study reports the presence of the gene qnrB as well the presence of Class 1 integrons in broiler Salmonella isolates, which may contribute to the resistance to fluoroquinolones.

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“…Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kentucky is a common inhabitant of the gastrointestinal systems of poultry, cows and other animals, and an occasional pathogen of humans (Haley et al, ; Haley et al, ; Karraouan et al, ; Ladely, Meinersmann, Ball, & Fedorka‐Cray, ; Le Hello, Bekhit et al, ; Le Hello et al, ; Parveen et al, ; Rauch, Vosik, Kariyawasam, M'ikanatha, & Shariat, ; Van Kessel, Karns, Lombard, & Kopral, ; Vosik, Tewari, Dettinger, M'ikanatha, & Shariat, ; Wasyl & Hoszowski, ; Zając, Wasyl, Hoszowski, Hello, & Szulowski, ). The United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA, FSIS) identified S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky recovered from human clinical cases in Maryland, USA (2011–2015)

Haley

Kim

Haendiges

et al. 2019

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Salmonella Kentucky is among the most frequently isolated S. enterica serovars from food animals in the United States. Recent research on isolates recovered from these animals suggests there may be geographic and host specificity signatures associated with S. Kentucky strains. However, the sources and genomic features of human clinical S. Kentucky isolated in the United States remain poorly described. To investigate the characteristics of clinical S. Kentucky and the possible sources of these infections, the genomes of all S. Kentucky isolates recovered from human clinical cases in the State of Maryland between 2011 and 2015 (n = 12) were sequenced and compared to a database of 525 previously sequenced S. Kentucky genomes representing 12 sequence types (ST) collected from multiple sources on several continents. Of the 12 human clinical S. Kentucky isolates from Maryland, nine were ST198, two were ST152, and one was ST314. Forty-one per cent of isolates were recovered from patients reporting recent international travel and 58% of isolates encoded genomic characteristics similar to those originating outside of the United States. Of the five isolates not associated with international travel, three encoded antibiotic resistance genes conferring resistance to tetracycline or aminoglycosides, while two others only encoded the cryptic aac(6′)-Iaa gene. Five isolates recovered from individuals with international travel histories (ST198) and two for which travel was not recorded (ST198) encoded genes conferring resistance to between 4 and 7 classes of antibiotics. Seven ST198 genomes encoded the Salmonella Genomic Island 1 and substitutions in the gyrA and parC genes known to confer resistance to ciprofloxacin. Case report data on food consumption and travel were, for the most part, consistent with the inferred S. Kentucky phylogeny. Results of this study indicate that the majority of S. Kentucky infections in Maryland are caused by ST198 which may originate outside of North America.

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Salmonella Kentucky: Antimicrobial resistance and molecular analysis of clinical, animal and environment isolates, Morocco

Abstract: This item has no abstract. Follow the links on the page to access the full text.

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Salmonella Kentucky: prevalence and challenges in Nigeria and the Africa continent

Salmonella Kentucky: prevalence and challenges in Nigeria and the Africa continent

Molecular identification of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella spp. isolated from broiler farms and human samples obtained from two regions in Colombia

Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky recovered from human clinical cases in Maryland, USA (2011–2015)

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