THE APPARENT INCREASE of salmonellosis can be attributed in part to an in¬ creasing awareness of these organisms resulting from more extensive surveillance and the devel¬ opment of improved culture and plating media, biochemical differentiation techniques, and methods of isolating salmonellae from clinical and nonclinical material. SalmoneUa indiana is an inf requently occur¬ ring serotype, isolated mostly from poultry in recent years, which has occasionally been the eti¬ ological agent in sporadic outbreaks of human intestinal disease. The serotype was first de¬ scribed in 1955 when it was isolated from a 9month-old girl, ill with vomiting, diarrhea, and fever at the St. Vincent's Hospital in Indianapolis, Ind. This serotype was antigenically characterized by Hajna and associates (1). With few exceptions, its occurrence in the United States has been in States east of the Mississippi River. The National Animal Disease Labora¬ tory in Ames, Iowa, reported a total of 50 isola¬ tions of S. indiana from 1957 to June 30, 1963, from 28 turkeys, 20 chickens, 1 duck, and 1 swine (2). S. indiana was isolated five times in Canada in 1960 from poultry which all originated from the same farm in Ontario (3). There have been no other reports in the literature of this sero¬ type being isolated as late as the end of 1964.