Salmonella in meat from hunted game: A Central European perspective

Paulsen, Peter; Smulders, F. J. M.; Hilbert, Friederike

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2011.06.055

Cited by 59 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…If carried out improperly, evisceration poses a high risk of microbial carcass contamination due to gut rupture and spillage of gut contents. This, alongside with improper (abdominal) shot and inadequate carcass chilling, is considered to be of the highest importance for the microbiological quality of final game meat products (Gill 2007;Paulsen et al 2012). Therefore, an evisceration while carcasses are hanged and inside GHE premises where hygienic procedures are adhered to has its advantage over evisceration in field conditions and/or when on ground/floor, as the contamination of the body cavity and muscle tissues with soil and/or faeces is easier to avoid or minimise (Paulsen 2011).…”

Section: Influence Of Dressing Practices On Carcass Meat Microbial Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes Salmonella spp., which is considered as a relevant biological hazard for hunted wild game animals (Gortázar et al 2007) and was assessed as of high priority in wild boar meat safety assurance (EFSA 2013). Such studies generate useful data that can be used in game meat risk assessment but are lacking in the literature (Paulsen et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of microbial carcass contamination of hunted wild boars

et al. 2017

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To investigate the microbiological conditions of hunted wild boar carcasses and factors that contribute to the microbial carcass contamination, skin and carcass meat swab samples from 210 hunted wild boars were collected from freshly shot animals. The mean aerobic colony counts (ACCs) and Enterobacteriaceae counts on the skin were 5.2 and 3.6 log 10 CFU/cm 2 , with 1.4% of animals' skin tested positive for Salmonella spp. Slightly higher mean ACC and Enterobacteriaceae counts of 5.4 and 3.8 log 10 CFU/cm 2 were obtained from carcass meat with Salmonella spp. prevalence of 1.9%. Inadequate hygiene practices in handling and dressing wild boar carcasses, such as evisceration in the laying position on the ground and practice of skin and interior carcass surface washing after evisceration, were found to have the most significant influence on the microbiological conditions of final carcasses. Therefore, these findings indicate the need for the implementation and strict adherence to good hygiene practice in hunting estates and game handling establishments.

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Section: Influence Of Dressing Practices On Carcass Meat Microbial Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of microbial carcass contamination of hunted wild boars

et al. 2017

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“…These results are in agreement with previous data on wild boar where Salmonella spp. was either not detected (Atanassova et al 2008;Avagnina et al 2012) or detected in a limited number of samples (Decastelli et al 1995;Paulsen et al 2012). Gill (2007) suggested that Salmonella may vary among different populations of wild boars, frequent in some populations and not very common in others.…”

Section: Microbiological Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid and microbiological profile of the meat (longissimus dorsi muscle) of wild boar (Sus scropha scropha) hunted in Tuscany

Russo

Balloni

Altomonte

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The aim of this work is to study the influence of gender, age and hunting period on the fatty acid composition of the longissimus dorsi muscle excised from 42 wild boars hunted on a farm located in Tuscany. A sub-sample of 22 muscles was used for the study of the microbiological profile of wild boar meat. The results show that gender had an effect only on C16:1 n7, which was higher in females (p .05). Slaughtering age influenced more parameters, thus resulting in a higher content of C6:0, C18:2, C20:1 and n6/n3 ratio in meat from adults (p .05) and in a higher percentage of C16:0 (p .05) in meat from young animals. The hunting month greatly influenced the meat quality because, in addition to the single fatty acids, it significantly modified the MUFA, PUFA, PUFA/SFA and n6/n3 ratio, underlining the great difference between meat of wild boar shot in October -November vs December -January. Ether extract was higher in subadults than in young animals (p .01) but was not influenced by gender and hunting month. Regarding the microbiological analyses, Salmonella spp. was only detected in one sample, while Yersinia enterocolitica was not detected at all. Data on the presence of pathogenic bacteria confirmed health risk for the consumer comparable to that associated with meat obtained from farm animals, while data on microbial loads (total aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic counts, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli) did not highlight any specific criticality.ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Wild boar harbours different Salmonella serovars, and several of these serovars have also been identified in human cases. The annual consumption of meat from game (farmed and wild game) is estimated to be low in Europe, and Salmonella has only sporadically been detected from the carcase or meat cuts of wild boar (Paulsen et al, 2012).…”

Section: Farmed Wild Boar As a Source Of Salmonella Infection For Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The omnivorous nature of wild boar and the fact that farmed wild boar often drink surface water (as recorded in the BIOMO questionnaire survey) are factors that increase the risk for transmission of Salmonella between animals. In fact, farming wild boar may provide a higher risk for enteric pathogens such as Salmonella owing to crowding of animals and their closer contact with humans and other farm animals than freeliving wild boar (Paulsen et al, 2012). The impact of the general occurrence of Salmonella in livestock, pet and wildlife animals in different geographical settings is not known, but a high density of Salmonella-infected animals could well be a risk factor for the presence of Salmonella in wild farmed boar living in the same area.…”

Section: Risk and Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical specifications on harmonised epidemiological indicators for biological hazards to be covered by meat inspection of farmed game

et al. 2013

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In this report, harmonised epidemiological indicators are proposed for foodborne biological hazards to public health that are related to farmed game and meat thereof and that can be addressed within meat inspection. These hazards include Salmonella, Toxoplasma, Trichinella and Mycobacterium in farmed wild boar and deer. An epidemiological indicator is defined as the prevalence or concentration of the hazard at a certain stage of the food chain or an indirect measure of the hazard that correlates to the human health risk caused by the hazard. The indicators can be used by the European Commission and Member States to consider when adaptations in meat inspection methods may be relevant and to carry out risk analysis to support such decisions. It is foreseen that the indicators will be used in the revised meat inspection system for farmed game meat outlined in the European Food Safety Authority scientific opinion, particularly to help categorise slaughter batches, animals and slaughterhouses according to the risk related to the hazards and process hygiene or to enable surveillance for the possible emergence of the hazard. Depending on the purpose and the epidemiological situation, risk managers should decide on the most appropriate indicator(s) to use, either alone or in combination, at national, regional, slaughterhouse or farm/herd level. Member States are invited to report data generated by the implementation of the indicators in accordance with Directive 2003/99/EC. The proposed indicators should be regularly reviewed in light of new information and the data generated by their implementation.

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Salmonella in meat from hunted game: A Central European perspective

Cited by 59 publications

References 57 publications

Assessment of microbial carcass contamination of hunted wild boars

Assessment of microbial carcass contamination of hunted wild boars

Fatty acid and microbiological profile of the meat (longissimus dorsi muscle) of wild boar (Sus scropha scropha) hunted in Tuscany

Technical specifications on harmonised epidemiological indicators for biological hazards to be covered by meat inspection of farmed game

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