Salmonella enterica subsp . diarizonae serotype 61:k:1,5,(7) associated with chronic proliferative rhinitis and high nasal colonization rates in a flock of Texel sheep in Switzerland

Stokar-Regenscheit, Nadine; Overesch, Gudrun; Giezendanner, Regula; Roos, Susanne; Gurtner, Corinne

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2017.07.003

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Although a wide distribution of SA S d was found in this study, clinical symptoms of a disease exclusively due to SA S d have not been detected in that period. Despite signs of rhinitis, nasal inflammation or aborted foetuses which were noted occasionally in different studies [4, 10, 11], it cannot be ruled out that factors other than SA S d were involved in producing these clinical signs. This occasional occurrence of clinical symptoms is also supported by the observation that experimental infections of sheep with SA S d indeed resulted in intestinal or nasal colonisation but not in the induction of clinical signs of a disease [24, 25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SA S d is able to produce both intestinal and extra-intestinal infections with faecal, vaginal and nasal colonisation as well as shedding, but mostly without clinical disease [7–9]. However, it has also been reported that SA S d may occasionally cause rhinitis or chronic nasal inflammation [10, 11], orchitis [12], or aborted foetuses [4]. As these properties deviate from the classical characteristics of host-restricted, host-adapted or ubiquitous serovars [13], the term sheep associated serovar [6] appears most appropriate to characterise serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and characterisation of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany

Methner

Moog

2018

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundThe occurrence of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) (SASd) and other Salmonella organisms in sheep in the German federal state of Thuringia was examined for the first time. Pooled faecal samples from 90 flocks located in this state were monitored.ResultsOnly SASd was detected in 74 (82.2%) out of the 90 sheep herds, other Salmonella serovars were not identified. A positive correlation was found between the flock size and the detection probability of SASd. Despite the agent’s high prevalence, clinical symptoms of a disease exclusively due to SASd have not been observed. The SASd strains were characterised by macrorestriction analysis, antimicrobial testing and the biochemical profile. All strains were sensitive to 13 out of 14 antimicrobial substances and resistant to only sulfamethoxazole. The high number of macrorestriction groups of SASd strains indicated a low clonality of the serovar.ConclusionsData from sheep derived foods and public health data in Germany strongly suggest that the significance of SASd for public health is considerably lower than that of serovars belonging to Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica. For this reason and because of the low disease-causing potential of SASd in sheep, it is worthwile to consider a reduction in ongoing activities from combating to monitoring serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in the sheep population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and characterisation of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany

Methner

Moog

2018

BMC Vet Res

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“…diarizonae (hereafter diarizonae ) [10]. This subspecies is also often isolated from sheep [11–14] and is increasingly associated with infections in humans. Although in some of these cases the source of the infection could be traced to reptile pets and consumption of sheep meat [15–17]; it remains unknown whether human-to-human transmissions occur.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae isolates from invasive human infections reveals enrichment of virulence-related functions in lineage ST1256

et al. 2019

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BackgroundSalmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae (IIIb) is frequently isolated from the environment, cold-blooded reptiles, sheep and humans; however only a few studies describe the isolation of this subspecies from invasive human infections. The factors contributing to this unusual behavior are currently unknown.ResultsWe report here the genome features of two diarizonae strains, SBO13 and SBO27, isolated from endocervical tissue collected post-abortion and from cerebrospinal fluid of a newborn child, respectively, in the city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. Although isolated six years apart, SBO27 in 2008 and SBO13 in 2014, both strains belong to the same sequence type 1256 (ST1256) and show a high degree of genome conservation sharing more than 99% of their genes, including the conservation of a ~ 10 kb plasmid. A prominent feature of the two genomes is the presence of 24 genomic islands (GIs), in addition to 10 complete Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPI) and fragments of SPI-7, a pathogenicity island first reported in the human-adapted serovar Typhi. Some of the GIs identified in SBO13 and SBO27 harbor genes putatively encoding auto-transporters involved in adhesion, lipopolysaccharide modifying enzymes, putative toxins, pili-related proteins, efflux pumps, and several putative membrane cation transport related-genes, among others. These two Bolivian isolates also share genes encoding the type-III secretion system effector proteins SseK2, SseK3 and SlrP with other diarizonae sequence types (ST) mainly-associated with infections in humans. The sseK2, sseK3 and slrP genes were either absent or showing frameshift mutations in a significant proportion of genomes from environmental diarizonae isolates.ConclusionsThe comparative genomic study of two diarizonae strains isolated in Bolivia from human patients uncovered the presence of many genes putatively related to virulence. The statistically-significant acquisition of a unique combination of these functions by diarizonae strains isolated from humans may have impacted the ability of these isolates to successfully infect the human host.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5352-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) primarily infects sheep, with a high prevalence in sheep herds worldwide ( 1 – 3 ). Although most sheep appear to be asymptomatic carriers, infection with Salmonella serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) can cause chronic proliferative rhinitis ( 4 , 5 ) and abortions ( 6 , 7 ). The genome of a Salmonella serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) strain isolated from sheep was first described in 2019 ( 1 ).…”

Section: Announcementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae Serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) Strain 14-SA00836-0, Isolated from Human Urine

Uelze

Blettner

Flieger

et al. 2020

Microbiol Resour Announc

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Salmonella enterica subsp . diarizonae serotype 61:k:1,5,(7) associated with chronic proliferative rhinitis and high nasal colonization rates in a flock of Texel sheep in Switzerland

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Occurrence and characterisation of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany

Occurrence and characterisation of Salmonella enterica subspecies diarizonae serovar 61: k: 1, 5, (7) in sheep in the federal state of Thuringia, Germany

Genome analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae isolates from invasive human infections reveals enrichment of virulence-related functions in lineage ST1256

Complete Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae Serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) Strain 14-SA00836-0, Isolated from Human Urine

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