Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Skills To Succeed in the Host: Virulence and Regulation

Fàbrega, Anna; Vila, Jordi

doi:10.1128/cmr.00066-12

Cited by 599 publications

(639 citation statements)

References 347 publications

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“…51 This regulation is important not only from the perspective of guaranteeing the expression of individual virulence elements but also to confer cross-talk between these determinants to ensure the appropriate response of the fungus in which all of the stages are activated following a temporal hierarchy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

et al. 2016

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“…These and similar mechanisms are considered to coordinate the cross-talk between the different SPIs, with huge impact on Salmonella virulence (Fabrega and Vila, 2013).…”

Section: Salmonella As a Model Organism For Host-pathogen Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three further pathogenicity islands of S. Typhimurium (SPI-3/-4/-5) are known to be involved in virulence (Fabrega and Vila, 2013). However, these have been studied in much less detail than SPI-1 and -2.…”

Section: Figure 219|salmonella Virulence Gene Expression Patterns Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual RNA-seq of pathogen and host

2012

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SummaryThe infection of a eukaryotic host cell by a bacterial pathogen is one of the most intimate examples of cross-kingdom interactions in biology. Infection processes are highly relevant from both a basic research as well as a clinical point of view. Sophisticated mechanisms have evolved in the pathogen to manipulate the host response and vice versa host cells have developed a wide range of anti-microbial defense strategies to combat bacterial invasion and clear infections.However, it is this diversity and complexity that makes infection research so challenging to technically address as common approaches have either been optimized for bacterial or eukaryotic organisms. Instead, methods are required that are able to deal with the often dramatic discrepancy between host and pathogen with respect to various cellular properties and processes. One class of cellular macromolecules that exemplify this host-pathogen heterogeneity is given by their transcriptomes: Bacterial transcripts differ from their eukaryotic counterparts in many aspects that involve both quantitative and qualitative traits. The entity of RNA transcripts present in a cell is of paramount interest as it reflects the cell's physiological state under the given condition. Genome-wide transcriptomic techniques such as RNA-seq have therefore been used for single-organism analyses for several years, but their applicability has been limited for infection studies.The present work describes the establishment of a novel transcriptomic approach for infection biology which we have termed "Dual RNA-seq". Using this technology, it was intended to shed light particularly on the contribution of non-protein-encoding transcripts to virulence, as these classes have mostly evaded previous infection studies due to the lack of suitable methods. The performance of Dual RNA-seq was evaluated in an in vitro infection model based on the important facultative intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and different human cell lines. Dual RNA-seq was found to be capable of capturing all major bacterial and human transcript classes and proved reproducible. During the course of these experiments, a previously largely uncharacterized bacterial small non-coding RNA (sRNA), referred to as STnc440, was identified as one of the most strongly induced genes in intracellular Salmonella.Interestingly, while inhibition of STnc440 expression has been previously shown to cause a virulence defect in different animal models of Salmonellosis, the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained obscure. Here, classical genetics, transcriptomics and biochemical assays proposed a complex model of Salmonella gene expression control that is orchestrated by this sRNA. In particular, STnc440 was found to be involved in the regulation of multiple bacterial target mRNAs by direct base pair interaction with consequences for Salmonella virulence and

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“…Salmonella bacteria share the ability to invade the host by inducing their own uptake, and they survive and multiply within the epithelial cells and M cells lining the intestinal epithelium (369). To do this, Salmonella virulence requires the coordinated expression of complex arrays of virulence factors (369,370). The most important Salmonella virulence genes are those located within the five socalled Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) (369,370).…”

Section: Cell Interaction Cell Entry and Intracellular Lifestylementioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of Human Enterovirulent Bacteria: Lessons from Cultured, Fully Differentiated Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines

Moal

Servin

2013

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY Hosts are protected from attack by potentially harmful enteric microorganisms, viruses, and parasites by the polarized fully differentiated epithelial cells that make up the epithelium, providing a physical and functional barrier. Enterovirulent bacteria interact with the epithelial polarized cells lining the intestinal barrier, and some invade the cells. A better understanding of the cross talk between enterovirulent bacteria and the polarized intestinal cells has resulted in the identification of essential enterovirulent bacterial structures and virulence gene products playing pivotal roles in pathogenesis. Cultured animal cell lines and cultured human nonintestinal, undifferentiated epithelial cells have been extensively used for understanding the mechanisms by which some human enterovirulent bacteria induce intestinal disorders. Human colon carcinoma cell lines which are able to express in culture the functional and structural characteristics of mature enterocytes and goblet cells have been established, mimicking structurally and functionally an intestinal epithelial barrier. Moreover, Caco-2-derived M-like cells have been established, mimicking the bacterial capture property of M cells of Peyer's patches. This review intends to analyze the cellular and molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of human enterovirulent bacteria observed in infected cultured human colon carcinoma enterocyte-like HT-29 subpopulations, enterocyte-like Caco-2 and clone cells, the colonic T84 cell line, HT-29 mucus-secreting cell subpopulations, and Caco-2-derived M-like cells, including cell association, cell entry, intracellular lifestyle, structural lesions at the brush border, functional lesions in enterocytes and goblet cells, functional and structural lesions at the junctional domain, and host cellular defense responses.

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Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Skills To Succeed in the Host: Virulence and Regulation

Cited by 599 publications

References 347 publications

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

Dual RNA-seq of pathogen and host

Pathogenesis of Human Enterovirulent Bacteria: Lessons from Cultured, Fully Differentiated Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines

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