Salivary Sex Hormones during the Menstrual Cycle

Celec, Peter; Ostaniková, Daniela; Skokňová, Martina; Hodosy, Július; Putz, Z; Kúdela, Matúš

doi:10.1507/endocrj.k09e-020

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…In the present study the mean salivary progesterone concentration of all participants (excluding those with atypical cycles) at the beginning of our data analysis period (10 days prior to onset of menstruation) was similar to that reported during the early luteal phase using ELISA (Gandara et al, 2007). Higher values have been reported using radio-immunoassay (Chatterton et al, 2005;Celec et al, 2009), and may reflect a differential sensitivity between the two forms of assay. Salivary progesterone concentration remained essentially stable during the mid-late luteal phase before falling during the last 3 days prior to menstruation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A specific profile of luteal phase progesterone is associated with the development of premenstrual symptoms

Lovick

Guapo

Anselmo-Franci

et al. 2017

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Lovick, T., Guapo, V. G., Amselmo-Franci, J. A., Loureiro, C. M., Faleiros, C. M., Del Ben, C. M., & Brandão, M. L. (2017). A specific profile of luteal phase progesterone is associated with the development of premenstrual symptoms. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 75,[86][87][88][89][90] University of Bristol -Explore Bristol Research General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms There is a consensus that the development of premenstrual dysphoric states is related to cyclical change in gonadal hormone secretion during the menstrual cycle.However, results from studies seeking to link symptom severity to luteal phase progesterone concentration have been equivocal. In the present study we evaluated not only the absolute concentrations of progesterone but also the kinetics of the change in progesterone concentration in relation to development of premenstrual symptoms during the last 10 days of the luteal phase in a population of 46 healthy young adult Brazilian women aged 18-39 years, mean 26.5±6.7 years. In participants who developed symptoms of premenstrual distress, daily saliva progesterone concentration remained stable during most of the mid-late luteal phase, before declining sharply during the last 3 days prior to onset of menstruation. In contrast, progesterone concentration in asymptomatic women underwent a gradual decline over the last 8 days prior to menstruation. Neither maximum nor minimum concentrations of progesterone in the two groups were related to the appearance or severity of premenstrual symptoms. We propose that individual differences in the kinetics of progesterone secretion and/or metabolism may confer differential susceptibility to the development of premenstrual syndrome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

A specific profile of luteal phase progesterone is associated with the development of premenstrual symptoms

Lovick

Guapo

Anselmo-Franci

et al. 2017

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…In addition, the hormone concentrations measured in saliva, as opposed to blood, more accurately represent the biologically “available” fraction (i.e., it excludes the fraction bound to sex hormone-binding globulin that would hence be biologically unavailable) (Riad-Fahmy, Read, Walker, Walker, & Griffiths, 1987). Whereas early work suggested that salivary progesterone was a poor indicator of ovulation (Metcalf, Evans, & Mackenzie, 1984), more recent work has shown salivary estradiol and progesterone measurement to be a feasible and appropriate method for menstrual subphase determination (Celec et al, 2009; Gandara, Leresche, & Mancl, 2007). Limitations of using saliva samples for hormone measurement include assay cost and delay in receiving results from laboratories, making it very difficult to use this method to prospectively determine menstrual phase without easy access to an analyzing laboratory that can provide analysis immediately prior to the experimental protocol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining menstrual phase in human biobehavioral research: A review with recommendations.

Allen¹,

McRae‐Clark²,

Carlson³

et al. 2016

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

123

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Given the volume and importance of research focusing on menstrual phase, a review of the strategies being used to identify menstrual phase and recommendations that will promote methodological uniformity in the field is needed. We conducted a literature review via Ovid Medline and PsycINFO. Our goal was to review methods used to identify menstrual phase and subphases in biobehavioral research studies with women who had physiologically natural menstrual cycles. Therefore, we excluded articles that focused on any of the following: use of exogenous hormones, the postpartum period, menstrual-related problems (e.g. polycystic ovarian syndrome, endometriosis), and infertility/anovulation. We also excluded articles on either younger (<18 years old) or older (>45 years old) study samples. We initially identified a total of 1,809 articles. After our exclusionary criteria were applied, 146 articles remained, within which our review identified six different methods used to identify menstrual phase and subphases. The most common method used was self-report of onset of menses (145/146 articles) followed by urine luteinizing hormone testing (50/146 articles) and measurement of hormones (estradiol and/or progesterone) in blood samples (49/146 articles). Overall, we found a lack of consistency in the methodology used to determine menstrual phase and subphases. We provide several options to improve accuracy of phase identification, as well as to minimize costs and burden. Adoption of these recommendations will decrease misclassification within individual studies, facilitate cross-study comparisons and enhance the reproducibility of results.

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“…Saliva was collected at baseline, 30 min, immediately post-exercise (60 min), and 30 min post-exercise (90 min). We chose to assay saliva, based on the risks to benefit ratio, the reproducibility of saliva measures to track individual changes over time, and excellent correlation of serum and saliva (Belkien et al 1985;Berthonneau et al 1989;Celec et al 2009;Chatterton et al 1996;Chiappelli et al 2006;Choe et al 1983;Gandara et al 2007;Gavrilova and Lindau 2009;Groschl 2008;Hofman 2001;Kivlighan et al 2005;Lu et al 1999;Mounib et al 1988;Shirtcliff et al 2000;Soo-Quee Koh and Choon-Huat Koh 2007;Tamate et al 1997;Wong et al 1990;Worthman et al 1990). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary estradiol, interleukin-6 production, and the relationship to substrate metabolism during exercise in females

et al. 2011

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Estradiol (E(2)) has been documented to have anti-inflammatory effects on the immune system. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), is classified as a "myokine", and has known metabolic consequences. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of menstrual phase and exercise on the interaction of E(2) and IL-6, and the role of IL-6 in substrate metabolism. Ten female subjects completed three separate testing sessions: baseline evaluation, and 1 h of treadmill exercise at 65% of peak [Formula: see text] during both the midfollicular (MF) and midluteal (ML) menstrual phases. Saliva was collected prior to, during, and post-exercise for determination of E(2) and IL-6. Expired gases and an additional saliva sample were collected 30 min post-exercise. No significant differences were observed in any of the measured variables across menstrual phase. Exercise resulted in an acute rise in estradiol and IL-6; however, E(2) was not related to IL-6 at baseline or in response to exercise. IL-6 remained elevated at the end of exercise and was found to be related to energy expenditure from fat, and to total energy expenditure at 60 min, and 30 min post-exercise. No relationships were found between the anti-inflammatory estrogen E(2) and the cytokine IL-6. However, relationships were found between IL-6 and indices of substrate metabolism. Based on the data from the current research, IL-6 likely plays a metabolic role in healthy individuals during exercise when released from the muscle as a result of reduced energy availability, acting as a "myokine", in comparison to inflammation-induced IL-6 release.

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Salivary Sex Hormones during the Menstrual Cycle

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

A specific profile of luteal phase progesterone is associated with the development of premenstrual symptoms

A specific profile of luteal phase progesterone is associated with the development of premenstrual symptoms

Determining menstrual phase in human biobehavioral research: A review with recommendations.

Salivary estradiol, interleukin-6 production, and the relationship to substrate metabolism during exercise in females

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