Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A Response of Elite Speed Skaters During a Competition Period

Kon, Michihiro; Iizuka, Tomonori; Maegawa, Taketeru; Hashimoto, E. I.; Yuda, Jun; Aoyanagi, Toru; Akimoto, Takayuki; Takahashi, Hideyuki

doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e3181aff28b

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the present study, an acute bout of high-intensity exercise resulted in a 31.6% decrease in the secretion rate of SIgA. This finding is consistent with earlier studies where the secretion rate of SIgA levels was decreased 29.3% after an ultra-endurance race 36 and 33% after a skating race 23 . Other tests of high-intensity exercise also produced decreased secretion rates of SIgA such as a 23.3% decrease after a rugby game 18 and decreases after repeated Wingate tests of 27.8% in women 9 and 38.8% in men 6 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

SIgA and Upper Respiratory Syndrome During a College Cross Country Season

Fahlman

Engels

Hall

2017

Sports Med Int Open

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We examined the changes in salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and the incidence of upper respiratory syndrome (URS) throughout a college cross-country season as well as the acute effect of a VO 2max test on SIgA. Subjects were 22 cross country athletes (XC) (20.7±0.3 years) and 23 matched controls (C) (20.4±0.2 years). Saliva samples were collected pre and post VO2max and at four training time points (August – November). Weekly logs indicating S&S of URS from which a total symptom score (TSS) was calculated were collected. There was a significant decrease in SIgA F(1,43)=10.742, p<0.001 and the secretion rate of SIgA F(1,43)=15.617, p<0.001 for XC at time points two through four. XC was also significantly lower than controls in those two variables across those time points. The secretion rate of SIgA and URS were negatively correlated at time point four R2=0.443, F(4,22)=26.9, p=0.001. There was a significant acute post exercise decrease in the secretion rate of SIgA, pre (M=21.44, SEM=3.95) and post (M=14.5, SEM=3.0), t(1,21)=2.185, p=0.039. Prolonged training resulted in decreased mucosal SIgA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

SIgA and Upper Respiratory Syndrome During a College Cross Country Season

Fahlman

Engels

Hall

2017

Sports Med Int Open

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“…With respect to physical exercise, cortisol and testosterone levels in saliva were found to correlate well to blood levels and in combination with immunoglobulin A abundance have served as markers for stress responses in context of various sports activities . However, a full proteome profiling analysis combined with an untargeted analysis of salivary small molecules in individuals subjected to physical exercise has not yet been carried out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of salivary proteins and metabolites during extreme endurance sports – a case study

et al. 2012

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As noninvasively accessible body fluid, saliva is of growing interest in diagnostics. To exemplify the diagnostic potential of saliva, we used a mass spectrometry‐based approach to gain insights into adaptive physiological processes underlying long‐lasting endurance work load in a case study. Saliva was collected from male and female athlete at four diurnal time points throughout a 1060 km nonstop cycling event. Total sampling time covered 180 h comprising 62 h of endurance cycling as well as reference samples taken over 3 days before the event, and over 2 days after. Altogether, 1405 proteins and 62 metabolites were identified in these saliva samples, of which 203 could be quantified across the majority of the sampling time points. Many proteins show clear diurnal abundance patterns in saliva. In many cases, these patterns were disturbed and altered by the long‐term endurance stress. During the stress phase, metabolites of energy mobilization, such as creatinine and glucose were of high abundance, as well as metabolites with antioxidant functions. Lysozyme, amylase, and proteins with redox‐regulatory function showed significant increase in average abundance during work phase compared to rest or recovery phase. The recovery phase was characterized by an increased abundance of immunoglobulins. Our work exemplifies the application of high‐throughput technologies to understand adaptive processes in human physiology.

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“…Concerning the effect of exercise, some studies have shown that acute bout of exercise, including incremental all-out treadmill exercises, may decrease salivary IgA in young athletes (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46), whereas other studies have found no association between SIgA and exercise (47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62). Very few studies reported, instead, an increase of SIgA (63)(64)(65)(66).…”

Section: Acute Bouts Of Exercise Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin-a (Siga) and The Effect Of Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Immunoglobulins and Cytokines in Elderly: Insights From a Critical Review of the Literature

et al. 2021

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The level of immunoglobulins and cytokines changes with an ageing immune system. This review summarizes findings from studies that have examined the impact of acute and chronic exercise on immunoglobulins and cytokines in the elderly. Our literature analysis revealed that acute endurance exercise resulted in increased secretory salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA), while acute bouts of muscle strengthening exercise (i.e., isokinetic, eccentric, knee extensor exercise) increased plasma/muscle interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels. Chronic exercise in the form of short-term endurance training (i.e., 12-16 weeks) and long-term combined endurance and resistance training (i.e., 6-12 months) induced increases in salivary SIgA concentration. We additionally identified that short-term endurance training at moderate intensities and the combination of endurance, strength, balance, and flexibility training increase plasma IL-10 and reduce plasma IL-6 and TNF-α in healthy elderly adults and male patients with chronic heart failure. Strength training for 6-12 weeks did not alter plasma IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α concentration in healthy elderly adults and patients with chronic-degenerative diseases, while 12 weeks of resistance training decreased muscle TNF-α mRNA in frail elderly individuals. Short-term (i.e., 10-24 weeks) moderate- to high-intensity strength training reduced LPS–IL-6, LPS, IL-1β, LPS–TNF-α and circulating concentrations of TNF-α and increased IL-10 in healthy elderly women and older people with cognitive impairment, respectively. In conclusion, it appears that acute bouts of endurance exercise and short-term chronic exercise training exercise are appropriate methods to enhance mucosal immune function, reduce systemic markers of inflammation, and promote anti-inflammatory processes in elderly individuals.

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Salivary Secretory Immunoglobulin A Response of Elite Speed Skaters During a Competition Period

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

SIgA and Upper Respiratory Syndrome During a College Cross Country Season

SIgA and Upper Respiratory Syndrome During a College Cross Country Season

Dynamics of salivary proteins and metabolites during extreme endurance sports – a case study

The Impact of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Immunoglobulins and Cytokines in Elderly: Insights From a Critical Review of the Literature

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